The Outsiders Literature Response

The Outsiders by S. E. Hinton original copyright 1967 The protagonists in the book are the Greasers and the antagonists are the Socs. The main characters are Darry, Soda, Dally, Bob, Ponyboy, and Johnny. Darry is tall, muscular, smart and very strict towards Ponyboy. Darry yells at Ponyboy and always seems to expect better from Ponyboy. For example, Darry yells at Ponyboy on page 49, â€Å"Where the heck have you been? Do you know what time it is? He was madder than I had seen him in along time. I shook my head wordlessly. † Soda is always optimistic and lighthearted. One of the only things that bring Soda down is the fact that he is a school dropout who works at a gas station. Soda tries to support Pony when Darry is mad at him but tries not to take sides. Soda explains how he doesn’t like when Darry and Pony fight when he says, â€Å"It’s just†¦I can’t stand to hear y’all fight. Sometimes I have to get out or†¦it’s like I’m the middleman in a tug o’ war and I’m being split in half (page 175). † Dally’s actions, like robbing a store, makes him seem like he is mean and tough but actually he is a very caring person on the inside. An example is when Dally enters the burning church to save Pony and says, â€Å"For Pete’s sake, get outa there! That roof is going to cave in any minute. † Bob is rich and undisciplined by his parents who make him feel like he has the power to do anything he pleases. Bob is intimidating to the Greasers like Johnny and Pony because he has the ability to do almost anything he wants. An example of Bob picking on Pony and Johnny is when he orders a Soc to give Ponyboy a bath in the park fountain by drowning him as a sort of cruel joke (page 55). Ponyboy is more emotional than all of the Greasers and takes feelings in to deeper consideration. Pony is not as violent as other Greasers and is very friendly. An example is when Pony went to the drive-in movie; he easily became friends with the popular Soc cheerleader, Cherry. This shows a lot about his personality because most Socs wouldn’t even want to talk to a Greaser. Johnny is shy, defenseless, and small for his age. He is harshly bullied by the Socs and by his parents. For instance on page 33, Pony describes how Johnny was mugged by the Socs, â€Å"They caught him and one of them had a lot of rings on his hand—that’s why they had cut Johnny up so adly. It wasn’t just that they had beaten him half to death—he could take that. They had scared him. † The setting takes place in a rough town somewhere in the U. S. around the 1960’s. The town is infested with crimes and delinquents. It’s socially divided into two parts, the east where the low-class Greasers live, and the west where the rich Socs live. The Greasers and the Socs are strong rivals who always take the opportunity to fight each other. Therefore, it makes walking down the street a dangerous task with the possibility of being mugged. An example of the environment of this town is in the scene where Ponyboy is mugged by the Socs while he was walking himself home from the movie theater. It’s dangerous for people like Pony to even walk on the city streets without risking being cut up by a Soc. The story starts out with Pony being jumped by the Socs until Pony’s gang rescues him. The next night Pony, Dally, and Johnny go to a drive-in movie and meet two girl Socs, Cherry and Marcia. By the end of the night Pony and Cherry become good friends. Before returning home Pony and Johnny go to a vacant lot to talk. They both fell asleep in the lot and woke up around 2 A. M. Pony goes back home only to find Darry as mad as ever. Darry lectures Pony about his curfew and ends up hitting him. Ponyboy becomes overwhelmed and decides to run away with Johnny. Pony and Johnny walk to the park until they notice the Socs approaching them. Bob is mad that the Cherry and Marcia were interacting with the Greasers; so he decides to mug both Johnny and Pony. The Socs begin to drown Ponyboy in the fountain until Johnny stabs Bob. The Socs then began to flee. Ponyboy and Johnny need help from Dally to run away while avoiding being arrested for murder. Dally tells them how to escape to Windrixville and survive behind an old church. Dally checks up on them in a week and tells Johnny that Cherry had testified that the murder had just been an act of self-defense. Johnny decides to turn himself in; so Dally drives them back until they notice that the church was on fire. Pony and Johnny run inside and rescue the kids that are trapped. Pony barely escapes, but Johnny was more severely hurt and ends up dying in the hospital. Dally becomes depressed because of all the misfortunes so, he commits an armed robbery at a grocery store. The police chase Dally to a lot where they kill him for armed robbery. Pony becomes traumatized because of all of the drastic events and deaths of his close friends. The main conflict in the story is when both Pony and Johnny are jumped at the park by the Socs. The Socs start to drown Pony in the fountain until Johnny stabs Bob. The Socs immediately fled to their cars and drove away. This conflict type person vs. person, in this case it would be the Socs (particularly Bob) vs. Johnny and Ponyboy. This conflict was external because it was made up actions. A minor conflict would be when Ponyboy is in great sorrow because of Johnny’s recent death. Pony can’t get over the fact that one of his closest friends, who actually deeply cared about him, died just overnight. This conflict type is a person vs. self; this is internal because it involves Pony’s feelings. An example of a person vs. nature conflict is when the church burns down. Johnny and Pony frantically enter the burning church to save the children form the fire. This is a person vs. nature conflict because the fire, which is part of nature, burns down the church which affects Ponyboy, Johnny, and the children who are trapped inside. The story is told for Ponyboy Curtis’s point of view. The author may have chosen this point of view because it would be easier to understand the story through a fourteen year old boy’s perspective and it may also make the book more appealing to teenagers. This point of view is critical to the story because it’s from the perspective of an outsider who thinks life isn’t fair to them. This story would have been altered if it were from the point of view of a Soc because the Socs feel as if they can do what ever they want and get what ever they want. If that had happened then the story would have been talking about how bad the Greasers were and how fabulous the Socs were. The mood in this story is bitter and unruly, especially for the Greasers because of their low status in life. The atmosphere is violent because of gang fights and various crimes. The story’s mood and atmosphere change when Pony and Johnny go to the country. The mood changes from harsh to quiet and relaxed because of the smaller population in the country. Here is an example of a mood and atmosphere change in the country (pg 63), â€Å"We lay in the tall weeds and damp grass, breathing heavily. The dawn was coming. It was lightening the sky in the east and a ray of gold touched the hills. The clouds were pink and meadow larks were singing. † The underlying message and theme of the story is the line, â€Å"Stay gold. † Stay gold means that you should remain young and wondrous because nothing stays gold forever. Johnny’s letter to Ponyboy explains that you are gold when you are a kid. Johnny says that the way Pony like sunsets is gold and to remain gold forever.

A Survey on Different Architectures Uses in Online Self Testing for Real Time Systems

A Survey on Different Architectures Used in Online Self Testing for Real Time Systems I.ABSTRACT On-line self-testing is the solution for observing lasting and intermittent mistakes for non safety critical and real-time embedded multiprocessors. This paper fundamentally describes the three programming and allotment policies for online self-testing. Keywords-components:MPSoC, On-line self-testing, DSM engineering II.INTRODUCTION Real-time systems are really of import parts of our life now a twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours. In the last few decennaries, we have been studied the clip facet of calculations. But in recent old ages it has increase exponentially among the research workers and research school. There has been an oculus catching growing in the count of real-time systems. Bing used in domestic and industry production. So we can state that real-time system is a system which non merely depends upon the rightness of the consequence of the system but besides on the clip at which the consequence is produced. The illustration of the real-time system can be given as the chemical and atomic works control, infinite mission, flight control systems, military systems, telecommunications ; multimedia systems and so on all make usage of real-time engineerings. Testing is a cardinal measure in any development procedure. It consists in using a set of experiments to a system ( system under trial ? SUT ) , with multiple purposes, from look intoing right functionality to mensurating public presentation. In this paper, we are interested in alleged black-box conformity testing, where the purpose is to look into conformity of the SUT to a given specification. The SUT is a â€Å"black box† in the sense that we do non hold a theoretical account of it, therefore, can merely trust on its discernible input/output behaviour. Real clip is measured by quantitative usage of clock ( existent clock ) [ 1 ] .Whenever we quantify clip by utilizing the existent clock we use existent clip. A system is called existent clip system when we need quantitative look of clip to depict the behaviour of the used system. In our day-to-day lives, we rely on systems that have implicit in temporal restraints including avionic control systems, medical devices, web processors, digital picture entering devices, and many other systems and devices. In each of these systems there is a possible punishment or effect associated with the misdemeanor of a temporal restraint. a. ONLINE SELF TESTING Online self-testing is the most cost-efficient technique which is used to guarantee right operation for microprocessor-based systems in the field and besides improves their dependableness in the presence of failures caused by constituents aging. DSM Technologies Deep submicron engineering means, the usage of transistors of smaller size with faster exchanging rates [ 2 ] . As we know from Moore ‘s jurisprudence the size of transistors are doubled by every twelvemonth in a system, the engineering has to suit those Iraqi National Congresss in transistors in little country with better public presentation and low-power [ 4 ] . III. Different Architectures used in Online Self Testing in Real Time Systems. 1.The Architecture of the DIVA Processing In Memory Chip The DIVA system architecture was specially designed to back up a smooth migration way for application package by incorporating PIMs into conventional systems every bit seamlessly as possible. DIVA PIMs resemble, at their interfaces, commercial DRAMs, enabling PIM memory to be accessed by host package either as smart memory coprocessors or as conventional memory [ 2 ] . A separate memory to memory interconnect enables communicating between memories without affecting the host processor. PIM Array PIM to PIM Interconnect Fig.1: DIVA Architecture A package is closely related to an active message as it is a comparatively lightweight communicating mechanism incorporating a mention to a map to be invoked when the package is received. Packages are transmitted through a separate PIM to PIM interconnect to enable communicating without interfering with host memory traffic. This interconnect must back up the dense packing demand of memory devices and let the add-on or remotion of devices from system. Each DIVA PIM bit is a VLSI memory device augmented with general intent computer science and communicating hardware [ 3 ] . Although a PIM may dwell of multiple nodes, each of which are chiefly comprised of few M of memory and a node processor. 2. Bit Multiprocessor Architecture ( CMP Architecture ) Bit multiprocessors are besides called as multi-core microprocessors or CMPs for short, these are now the lone manner to construct high-performance microprocessors, for a figure of grounds [ 6 ] . restricting credence of CMPs in some types of systems. Fig.2: The above figure shows the CMP Architecture [ 6 ] 3.SCMP Architecture: An Asymmetric Multiprocessor System-on-Chip Future systems will hold to back up multiple and coincident dynamic compute-intensive applications, while esteeming real-time and energy ingestion restraints. Within this model, an architecture, named SCMP has been presented [ 5 ] . This asymmetric multiprocessor can back up dynamic migration and pre-emption of undertakings, thanks to a coincident control of undertakings, while offering a specific information sharing solution. Its undertakings are controlled by a dedicated HW-RTOS that allows online programming of independent real-time and non existent clip undertakings. By integrating a affiliated constituent labelling algorithm into this platform, we have been able to mensurate its benefits for real-time and dynamic image processing. In response to an of all time increasing demand for computational efficiency, the public presentation of embedded system architectures have improved invariably over the old ages. This has been made possible through fewer Gatess per grapevine phase, deeper grapevines, better circuit designs, faster transistors with new fabrication procedures, and enhanced direction degree or data-level correspondence ( ILP or DLP ) [ 7 ] . An addition in the degree of correspondence requires the integrating of larger cache memories and more sophisticated subdivision anticipation systems. It hence has a negative impact on the transistors’ efficiency, since the portion of these that performs calculations is being bit by bit reduced. Switch overing clip and transistor size are besides making their lower limit bounds. The SCMP architecture has a CMP construction and uses migration and fast pre-emption mechanisms to extinguish idle executing slots. This means bigger exchanging punishments, it ensures greater flexibleness and responsiveness for real-time systems. Programing Model The scheduling theoretical account for the SCMP architecture is specifically adapted to dynamic applications and planetary programming methods. The proposed scheduling theoretical account is based on the expressed separation of the control and the calculation parts. Computation undertakings and the control undertaking are extracted from the application, so as each undertaking is a standalone plan. The control undertaking handles the calculation undertaking programming and other control functionalities, like synchronisms and shared resource direction for case. Each embedded application can be divided into a set of independent togss, from which expressed executing dependences are extracted. Each yarn can in bend be divided into a finite set of undertakings. The greater the figure of independent and parallel undertakings are extracted, the more the application can be accelerated at runtime. Fig3: SCMP Processing As shown in Figure 9, the SCMP architecture is made of multiple PEs and I/O accountants. This architecture is designed to supply real-time warrants, while optimising resource use and energy ingestion. The following subdivision describes executing of applications in a SCMP architecture. When the OSoC receives an executing order of an application, its Petri Net representation is built into the Task Execution and Synchronization Management Unit ( TSMU ) of the OSoC. Then, the executing and constellation demands are sent to the Selection unit harmonizing to application position. They contain all of active undertakings that can be executed and of coming active undertakings that can be prefetched. Scheduling of all active undertakings must so integrate the undertakings for the freshly loaded application. If a non-configured undertaking is ready and waiting for its executing, or a free resource is available, the PE and Memory Allocation Unit sends a constellation primitive to the Configuration Unit. Fig4: SCMP Architecture [ 5 ] Table Of ComparisonName Of The PaperYear of PublicationWriterLimitsThe Architecture of the DIVA Processing In Memory Chip2002Jeff Draper, Jacqueline Chame, Mary Hall, Craig Steele, Tim Barrett, Jeff LaCoss, John Granacki, Jaewook Shin, Chun Chen, Chang Woo Kang, Ihn Kim, Gokhan DaglikocaThis paper has described a elaborate description of DIVA PIM Architecture. This paper holding some issues for working memory bandwidth, peculiarly the memory interface and accountant, direction set characteristics for mulct grained parallel operation, and mechanism for address interlingual rendition.Chip Multiprocessor Architecture: Techniques to Improve Throughput and Latency2007KunleOlukotun, LanceHammond, James LaudonThis work provides a solid foundation for future geographic expedition in the country of defect-tolerant design. We plan to look into the usage of trim constituents, based on wearout profiles to supply more sparing for the most vulnerable constituents. Further, a CMP switch is merely a first measure toward the overreaching end of planing a defect-tolerant CMP system.SCMP Architecture: An Asymmetric Multiprocessor System on-Chip for Dynamic Applications2010NicolasVentroux, Raphael DavidThe new architecture, which has been called SCMP, consists of a hardware real-time operating system gas pedal ( HW-RTOS ) , and multiple computer science, memory, and input/output resources. The operating expense due to command and execution direction is limited by our extremely efficient undertaking and informations sharing direction strategy, despite of utilizing a centralized control. Future works will concentrate on the development of tools to ease the programmation of the SCMP architecture.Decision We have done a study how online self-testing can be controlled in a real-time embedded multiprocessor for dynamic but non safety critical applications utilizing different architectures. We analyzed the impact of three online self-testing architectures in footings of public presentation punishment and mistake sensing chance. Equally long as the architecture burden remains under a certain threshold, the public presentation punishment is low and an aggressive ego trial policy, as proposed in can be applied to [ 8 ] D. Gizopoulos et al. , â€Å" Systematic Software-Based Self -Test for Pipelined Processors † , Trans. on Vlsi Sys. , vol. 16, pp. 1441-1453, 2008. such architecture. Otherwise, online self-testing should see the programming determination for extenuating the operating expense in hurt to blame sensing chance. It was shown that a policy that sporadically applies a trial to each processor in a manner that accounts for the idle provinces of processors, the trial history and the undertaking precedence offers a good tradeoff between the public presentation and mistake sensing chance. However, the rule and methodological analysis can be generalized to other multiprocessor architectures. Mentions [ 1 ] R. Mall. â€Å"Real-time system† : Theory and pattern. Pearson Education, 3rd Edition, 2008. [ 2 ]Analysis of On-Line Self-Testing Policies for Real-Time Embedded Multiprocessors in DSM Technologies O. Heron, J. Guilhemsang, N. Ventroux et Al2010 IEEE. [ 3 ]Jeff Draper et al. ,â€Å"The Architecture of the DIVA Processing In Memory Chip † ,ICS’02,June. [ 4 ] C. Constantinescu, â€Å"Impact of deep submicron engineering on dependableness of VLSI circuits† , IEEE DSN, pp. 205-209, 2002. [ 5 ] Nicolas Ventroux and Raphael David, â€Å"SCMP architecture: An Asymmetric Multiprocessor System-on-Chip for Dynamic Applications† , ACM Second International Forum on Next Generation Multicore/Many nucleus Technologies, Saint Malo, France, 2010. [ 6 ] Chip Multiprocessor Architecture: Techniques to Improve Throughput and Latency. [ 7 ] Antonis Paschalis and Dimitris Gizopoulos â€Å"Effective Software-Based Self-Test Strategies for On-Line Periodic Testing of Embedded Processors† , DATE, pp.578-583,2004. IJSET 2014Page 1

Should the gun laws be strikter Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Should the gun laws be strikter - Research Paper Example Nevertheless, many people support strict gun control that includes background checks and mandatory handgun registration; even though, it may hinder law-abiding citizens from owning guns. There is need for strict regulation of firearms manufacture and sale in order to intensify gun safety and limit delinquents from obtaining firearms and includes also policies aimed at preventing youngsters from accessing guns to lessen their violence with guns(Gallup Summary 10). Proponents of firearm restriction believe that it improves public safety since it encourages great responsibility among gun owners and offer police great method of tracing stolen firearms (Newport 11). However, antagonists maintain that the scheme is not viable stating that it forms an expensive and additional federal bureaucracy. In July 2012, Colorado experienced dreadful mass killing in a movie theater, and many of the guns including assault weapons and semiautomatic handguns used by recent mass murders were obtained lega lly, similar to the AR-15 assault rifle used to blast victims in the dark movie theater. Many people support strict gun control since most of the reported, violent gun shootings occur in the public place (Newport 6). Majority of the public favor restriction of guns to people convicted for publicly displaying firearms in ways that are threatening; moreover, people favor restriction for concealing and carrying a firearm without permit. The support for strict firearm restriction has been strong in the past few years; with majority of people endorsing police permit for a person who needs to purchase a gun. Thus, the promising response for the shooting would be one that emphasizes the keeping of guns away from criminals and dangerous people. Furthermore, a wide range of measures that regulate firearms and strictly punish people who violate gun laws should be put in place, especially after the unthinkable nightmare at Connecticut elementary school (Carlson 2). Even though, strict gun cont rol has high chances of succeeding if framed as crime control instead of gun control, the NRA (National Rifle Association) lobby thrives on controversy and does not compromise. Tightening faulty federal background checks ought to be top priority, since no serious individual would object to coordinated and computerized record checks that hinder the sale of firearms to domestic-violence misdemeanants, felons and people formally deemed to be mentally ill. Enactment of reforms may not deter determined school shooters from accessing weapons from the black market. Even with an improved background check system, the system could have failed to hinder the Newtown shooter from accessing his mother’s legally obtained gun, since mass killers tend to be young men with deranged minds but who prepare carefully. Moreover, according to Barrett (41) some of these criminals have clean records prior to committing such offences with some obtaining guns from friends and relatives; nevertheless, fi xing background checks are worth doing, since they may deter some criminals and imposition of the 2nd Amendment rights would be minimal. The wake of elementary school massacre in Newtown Connecticut, there was a renewed ban on assault weapons with proponents

History of black education in the british north american colonies Research Paper

History of black education in the british north american colonies - Research Paper Example Thus with the formation of the colonies in the North America, diversified people came under the same government and its respective policies. Given the state of the colonies soon after its formation and the entire political scenario of the North America, it was very important to construct a uniting force and direct the future of the citizens into a better direction ensuring equality, human rights, and better quality of living. Moreover, Todorov (1999) states that it was necessary to make an effort to erase the memories of the darker days and instill hope in the citizens. Education was the available means to fight the approaching problems and destroy the seeds of discrimination. Since the North American colony had a good number of black populations against a considerable number of white people so, it was very important to bring them at par with them and not let them feel being discriminated. Hence, this paper â€Å"Black Education in British North America† came into being which will refer to several data and information to study the formation of the British North American colonies, the prevalent education system, the history of educating the ‘black population’. It would focus on the structural differences that the black children face in their education, the measures taken to diminish the differences, the extent of its success and the factors which brought about the change. Formation of the British North American Colonies The colonization of North America by the Kingdom of England and Kingdom of Scotland was a culminated result of a lengthy series of attempts and colonization drives by claimants more than one. According to Taylor (2001) the colonization drive in North America began in the year 1607 in the place called Jamestown, in Virginia and gradually colonies were established throughout the entire stretch of America. In America, British were considered as one of the most important colonizers since they established colonies over the largest area and posed a rivalry situation with the Spanish American Colonies in respect to economic and military power. As a result colonization of the America spread over a larger area, with a formidable reach, the British colony in North America gave room for the existence of three types of colonies, namely, charter colonies, proprietary colonies and the royal colonies. The diversity in the types of people, social, economical, and background provided the reasons for chaos and conflict among them on minor or major scale. The colonization drive by the Kingdom of England and Kingdom of Scotland, before the Acts of Union in 1707, led to the formation of the British North America colonies that was comprised of the states of New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Pennsylvania and New York. The formation of the thirteen colonies, with brought together people from not only different states but al so people with varied backgrounds – social, economica

First Day on the job Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

First Day on the job - Essay Example This includes security measures outside the office like parking facility and security guards. There should be no discrimination in the office both male and female employees should be treated equally. Power of recognition – acknowledgement is a very important motivator. If the employees are praised and their efforts acknowledged, they will work hard and feel better about themselves (Smith & Mazin, 2011 p.90). Importance of incentives – incentives given to employees should have a monitory value. Incentives are categorized into praise with physical form. This is a reward for a job well done. This has looked down upon by most managers, but it has been proved that it increases employees’ sense of worth in relation to the completed work. These physical incentives could be shirts, company logo, or even business card holders. Employees effort should be recognized no matter what incentive is given to them whether through small office gifts or verbally. Power of praise – all the manager must be well informed that leadership and fairness alone cannot encourage their staff to work hard. Each and everyone feels good and determined when appreciated. When praise and affirmation is given to an employee after doing something, he/she will work harder to receive same appreciation next time. Power of recognition – if the management praise and acknowledge the efforts of employees they will feel better and work with one spirit. This will improve the quantity and quality of production, which will automatically increase the profits of the company. Safety measures – when employees are provided with maximum security, they will work hard even up to late hours knowing they have enough security. This will enable employees to trust the management and the company as whole. It will enable the company to run continuously which will lead to continuous production. All the employees both male and female will be proud of themselves in the office as they are treated

Strategic leadership in hospital nonprofit organizations. explain Term Paper

Strategic leadership in hospital nonprofit organizations. explain problems with leadership, mission, budgetting and financial ma - Term Paper Example These include governance, volunteer programs, fundraising and granting, non-profit budgeting and accounting and public policy skills. Problems with leadership, mission, budgeting and financial management in hospital non-profit organizations Budgeting and financial management According to Goodman and Pennings (1997), non-profit organisations require highly customised forms of budgeting. The problem is that these budgeting skills are not taught in general management learning institutions. Non-profit hospitals have to fix their long list of needs within the limited pool of resources available in an attempt to achieve its objectives and meet the needs of the society. This is because the finances received by non-profit hospitals in most cases are low below what they need for effective service delivery. This attempt to satisfy everything for the sake of everyone usually results to ineffectiveness in non-profit hospitals (Bernd et al, 2004). Non-profit hospitals can operate as donor-faced, community-faced or agency-faced. Those that are donor-faced or agency-faced have to be very ken not to annoy their financiers so as to ensure their continuity. This means that the hospital organisation have a hard time in ensuring that no-patients overstay in the hospital so as to keep their financial expenses within the expected limits. Any such occurrences usually brings a lot of losses to the hospital unlike a profit making hospital in which patients pay for their medical and general expenses (Bernd et al, 2004). A budget should reflect the expected expenditure verses expected income as well as act as an executive control tool. However, in non-profit organisations, budgets are usually drawn just for formality purposes. Non-profit hospitals use non-scientific finance budgeting methods. These methods lack scientific calculation and analysis. Such methods do not take into account changes expected in the hospital environment. As a result of this, such budgets are not in a position to exert the required financial control in the hospital (Forbes, 1998). Non-profit hospitals are usually exempted from taxes. This has a disadvantage in that they are not allowed to access equity markets. This becomes a big challenge when the hospital needs capital to fund its projects because it blocks their ability to get capital from multiple channels. This means that the management has to greatly reduce expenses in other areas so as to get capital to fund the new project. Consequently, this impacts on the quality of services offered. Narrowed financial channels usually present a rick of financial crisis in non-profit hospitals. Alternatively, the hospital can opt to wait for donor funding for the project yet such funds could not be forthcoming in the near time (Bernd et al, 2004). Non-profit hospitals lack organisation and highly skilled personnel for its financial management. These cause them to lack the concepts and experiences of advanced enterprise financial control. At the sa me time, some non-profit hospitals lack clearly defined financial objectives in their management. These hospitals have to ensure that their mission to offer social benefits does not overtake the reality that a hospital is a market economy. Non-profit hospitals usually encounter a problem of investment in the course of their financial management. Many at times, there is blindness in investing the capital acquired. For example,

Alumni Role Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Alumni Role - Essay Example I have worked assisting in various programs at the facility through promoting education in the following: the quit-smoking program, cancer support project, CPR and First Aid program, and the Basic Health Education to new immigrants. In all the projects, my bilingual abilities (knowledge of Cantonese and Mandarin, as well as English) proved fundamental in exhibiting and managing effective communication. My responsibilities as an intern include the following: (1) assisting the health department staff to double check the database from the projects; (2) using bilingual (Cantonese and Mandarin) to translate the information about the First aid and CPR class to the new immigrants who signified interests or were required to take these classes; and finally, (3) updating the information of the clients’ in the patients’ chart. All of these activities enabled the development of skills in recording, documentation, communication, and adherence to details in disclosing crucial information regarding the patients’ history and

Business Proposal for Nonprofit Ccharity Organizations Essay - 26

Business Proposal for Nonprofit Ccharity Organizations - Essay Example To meet the increasing demand for donations, the company intends to expand the manufacturing unit at a cost of $2million in the next two years (Allen, 2010). The expansion will ensure that the production volume is doubled (Fisher, 2000, p. 89).  The capital required for the expansion is the main challenge for the company because it does not intend to change its working principles in order to raise the capital (Armstrong, Cools, & Sadler-Smith, 2011). Therefore, the company intends to look for a grant to cater to expansion costs (Chilton & Bloodgood, 2010). The social implication for the inability to raise the capital will be catastrophic to the company because of failure to meet the increasing demands (Cooper, 2008). The provision of safe water for domestic use is a challenge especially in t developing nations (Archer, 2011). The company targets the provision of water to rural households in Africa. The target country in Africa is Ethiopia the semi-arid regions of the country (Routl ey, 2006). The major plan of the company is to drill boreholes in the region to provide water for the locals (Shaw, 2011). After construction of the boreholes, they are handed over to Community Based organization (CBO) to manage (Global Warming & Climate Change, 2012). The company intends to expand its operation into countries with severe water shortage problem such as South Sudan (Beverly & Thomson, 2011). The company does not operate in a buy one donate one model, but it depends on grants totally (Hart, 2011). The leading donor is Melinda and Gates foundation (McKinsey & Company, 2010). The expansion and operational cost for the year according to the budget are $15 Million (Department of Sustainability Environment, WaterPopulation, and Communities, 2009).

Motivating High School Students Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Motivating High School Students - Essay Example Creating changes in the planning of courses whereby the teacher is forced to have many choices of materials use in motivating these students. The teacher can spend time on discussions in class activities imposes emotion, social and moral parts of education. This is normally an effective method of motivating students to act on difficult topics in their studies. These students should be encouraged to read more books to gain more knowledge for themselves in various aspects of their studies. Teachers are asked to focus on the students matter culturally, linguistically and socially and at the same time, they should encourage the students to choose subjects that are of interest to them. These high school students should be allowed choose a unit of their study whereby, the teacher can relate the student's preferences of the subjects by asking them questions on the subjects they like and those they dislike. 1 Motivation, in this case the high school teachers who are serious and are engaged in educating this category of students in high schools must apply the teaching techniques they have acquired in order to motivate these students to achieve their goals in school where by each child should be involved in every meaningful learning while at school. The first step that a teacher is recommended to take is to know what the students like or dislike about the school activities and what they would recommend the school to do to enable them have an environment that makes them to learn better. The teacher should also interview the other teachers including carrying out class observations whereby the teacher is enabled to know the strengths and weaknesses of each student who needs motivation under this, the teacher should include the activities and preferences of each student with their personal goals. The teacher should therefore learn to like all students despite their differences in school work performances. He should create an environment for every student in which they can be free to ask their own questions, under this, the teacher is recommended not to be too serious thus he should engage himself in creating funs during his lessons in order to break the boredom that some students may be facing which leads them to dislike the particular teacher which may lead to poor performance by the students in that particular subject that the teacher teaches. Teachers are encouraged to be caring and be able to give attention and assistance to each and every student in his class. This is said to be normally the major factor leading to improvement in the achievement of the students' school goals. The teacher who is engaged in motivating the students should therefore ensure that the students are given personal assistance using various teaching strategies which ensures that every student begin his study work with a success before proceeding to a more challenging work, therefore, the teacher should start by working on the strength of the student but not on his weakness. 2 The teacher is supposed to create an environment in which students are allowed to explain a difficult

Acid rain Essay Example for Free

Acid rain Essay Acid rain is a result of air pollution that is harmful to the environment, generally caused by fuels being burnt. When any type of fuel is burnt, many different chemicals are produced. These gases that are released react with the water in clouds, and the rain from these clouds is acid rain. This type of acid disposition can appear in many other forms besides just rain, such as sleet, snow, and fog (Editorial Board, 2013). There are several sources of pollution and many causes for acid rain. Though acid rain can be generated by volcanoes and decaying vegetation, it is mostly caused by man-made activities (Carper, 2012). The most polluting gases that cause acid rain are nitrogen oxides and sulphur dioxides (Yedjou, 2015). Different industrial processes contribute greatly to producing these harmful gases, such as the production of iron and steel, factories, chemical industries, and power stations. The burning of fossil fuels by these power-production companies and industries release sulfur into the air that combines with oxygen to form sulfur dioxide (Carper, 2012). Basicily anything that burns fuel, produce these polluting gases, such as the fumes that come out of a vehicles exhaust, or the heat we use to warm our homes. Acid rain greatly impacts the natural environment by polluting water sources, such as lakes and streams. In return this kills plants and fish, which negatively affects other animals and entire ecosystems. This type of acid disposition also damages soil and trees, and accelerates the decay of buildings and structures (Yedjou, 2015). Acid rain also affects human health by being inhaled into people’s lungs which increases premature death from heart and lung disorders, such as bronchitis and asthma (Carper, 2012). Though acid rain is not a major issue today, there are still steps that can be taken to help eliminate this issue. Acid rain can be carried great distances by wind direction, and the countries that produce it may not always be the ones most affected by it (Yedjou, 2015). So if these countries would be more considerate of their neighbors and where the acid rain they produce actually falls, then it could help to decrease this  pollution. Limiting the amount of sulfur and nitrogen oxides that are released into the atmosphere, cleaning up smokestacks and exhaust pipes, and using alternative energy sources can also help to mitigate the problem (Yedjou, 2015). Everyone can play their part in reducing acid rain by turning off appliances when not in use, turning off lights, reducing heating and air conditioner usage, and insulating their homes. Conserving resources is also extremely helpful, such as carpooling and using public transportation. References Carper, L. (2012). Fossil fuels: Environmental Effects. Retrieved from http://www.ems.psu. edu/~radovic/Chapter11.pdf Editorial Board. (2013). Environmental Science. Schaumburg: Words of Wisdom, LLC. Yedjou, C. (2015, March 09). Colorado Technical University. Live Chat. SCI201-11-213-6. Retrieved from http://ctuadobeconnect.careeredonline.com/p3aqzu14uuu/?launcher=fals fcsContent=truepbMode=normal

The Gladiator

The Gladiator An essay on The Gladiator based on Sobchacks conceptualisation of genre movies and Singers notions of melodrama specifically about moral polarization. Ridley Scotts The Gladiator (2000) is about, Maximus (Russell Crowe) a respected honourable general, loyal to both his emperor and Rome. He leads his troops into battle, and emerges victorious from all of them. The one battle he is unable to win is that he is unable to save his family from being condemned by the new emperor of Rome, Commodus (Joachim Phoenix). Maximus goes through numerous gladiator battles and finally comes back to Rome to take revenge on Commodus. Maximus eventually gets a chance at revenge for his family, when he is put against Commodus in the ring. After a long struggle, he succeeds in killing Commodus, and restores the power of the Roman senate. This Hollywood movie is a good example of a sensational melodrama and, as such, it illustrates many of Singers notions of melodrama. This film is also a good example of an adventure film or swashbuckler and as such illustrates well Sobchacks conceptualisation of genre movies. According to Singer, melodrama â€Å"as it generally is used today refers to a set of subgenres that remain close to the heart and hearth and emphasize a register of heightened emotionalism and sentimentality† (page127). In other words, Singer defines melodrama several main concepts: excess, situation, moral polarization, non-classical narrative structure, pathos and finally sensationalism. Excess is the element perhaps most often associated with melodrama; according to Singer, its a certain â€Å"overwrought† or â€Å"exaggerated† quality. But also portrays emotional excess in the villains expressions of hatred, envy, jealousy, spite, or malice. For example, Maximus symbolizes all admirable qualities, and has a heart of gold. He is, however, opposed by the jealousy, obsessive and power-hungry Commodus who abuses his position of authority, as Caesar. This being said the viewers sympathy goes towards Maximus. On the other hand we feel distant from the emperor Commodus since we feel anger and hatred towards him. Melodrama also activates various kinds of excess in the spectators visceral responses. A good Hollywood melodrama is one that makes you cry, or one that arouses strong sentiment, particularly powerful feelings. Situation is another concept which merits consideration as a core feature of melodrama. Situation is a rather difficult to narrow down, but it could be defined as† a striking and exciting incident that momentarily arrests narrative action while the characters encounter a powerful new circumstance and the audience relishes the heightened dramatic tension†.(p128) In other words we are presented with a situation often entails a starting reversal or twist of events that creates a dramatic impasse, a momentary paralysis stemming from a deadlock. Situation involves a considerable amount of suspense: Suspense about how the deadlock will be broken. Illustrations of such suspense can be either about; how the hero will win a fight or how the â€Å"good guy† will escape from captivity. An example of a deadlock in the movie is noticed when Maximus had just killed Commodus and then just stands alone dreaming of opening the gates of heaven without any noise being heard. The dead lock is later on broken when Quintus had repeated Maximuss name twice, in order to get him out of his dreams and Maximus replies with â€Å"release my men†. What brings most viewers to watch movies like â€Å"The Gladiator† is one of its themes of hero vs. villain or â€Å"good guy† vs. â€Å"bad guy â€Å", which according to Singer is called moral polarization. This aspect of melodrama, where the formula of good vs. evil is used, expresses a realistic effect on the viewer. Maximus is a character to be that of a â€Å"common man,† one who had the virtues of wisdom, justice, fortitude and temperance. But on the other side we have Commodus a man full of hatred because of his fathers choice of the next ruler. He has no merci and will kill all those who come in his path to glory. People enjoy watching and experiencing the, thrill, adventures, violence, love, gore etc†¦ of the constant action and suspense that plays throughout the movie. This is called Sensationalism. It is used by making ordinary people live through extraordinary things (played out by actors). This causes the viewers personal emotions to awaken w ith intense feelings of pathos.. A situation in the movie when we see how good vs. evil always finish is when the camera is on Maximuss face as he tells Quintus â€Å"release my men†, this phrase shows that that the evil is being killed and the good is being released and by doing this Rome could now flourish. According to Sobchack, genre film is a film which belongs to a particular group of films that are extremely similar in their subject matter. The Gladiator is defined to be a melodrama which according to Sobchak, â€Å"even though we know that the protagonist will triumph in the end or that a satisfactory solution will be found to the central conflict, we also know that the dangers which threaten the protagonist are life-and-death matters.† (192)Sobchack defines genre film in terms of the concepts of formula and iconography. Formula is when â€Å"The basic conflict of the story is familiar, and we know from past viewing experiences none or less how the story will be resolved†. In other words, the â€Å"usual† happenings of a plot, like the conflict between good and evil, always end ups by having the good triumph. Most of the time, the hero is given some sort of power. With which he is designated to take on the mission of saving the society and bring back peace. In the movie the power which best suits Maximus is the loyalty which Maximus has. This loyalty appears many times throughout the movie and becomes evident, since each of his fellow gladiators, as well as his masters, is willing to die for him. Iconography refers to â€Å"certain costumes, objects, landscapes and performers to signify by their presence elements of plot yet to come† This means that when a viewer sees those icons, they immediately associate a theme or plot direction for the narrative. Colors, lights and costumes were frequently used. We see a clear usage of light in â€Å"the Gladiator† when towards the end; the light is directly aimed at Maximus and Commodus while all the other characters are in the dark, making these two main characters the â€Å"premier plan† of the movie. For the color, we see Commodus dressed all in white in order to represent himself as being pure good and the rightful emperor that Rome needs to control everything, At the very end of the movie, before the final battle, we see Maximus a slave in white, and who is differently dressed compared to the other slave, whom they on the other hand are dressed in dark colour to keep them separated from this specific slave. The kinds of shots were very present carefully done throughout the movie. The shots are here to make the viewers feel either they are the character or the people around the main character. For example, after the war with the German tribe, Maximus converses with Marcus Aurelius, the camera is focused on Marcus, which in turn makes us feel like we are Maximus himself. Through these camera shots we are able to feel these emotions, of being confused and not really comfortable with the offer. The theatrical genre of melodrama uses theme-music to control the spectators emotional response and to represent character types. In other words, the suspense music is used throughout the film in order to heighten the tension of the film and to keep the viewers at the edge of their seats. A movie soundtrack is used to praise the story being told on the screen In fact, Gladiator in essence had very little to do with gladiators. It dealt with the tragic changing of power, deceit, and old alliances. Bringing up a so called SWASHBUCKLER as would Sobchack say. Who struggles against decadence in the Roman society and his efforts to give Rome back to the people while at the same time revenging his murdered family. Movies like â€Å"The Gladiator† are usually The Gladiator portrayed an adventure, being filled with blood, action and getaways with suspenseful plots. This movie primarily focuses on leadership, drama and politics. Its a tale of betrayal, bravery and survival. As said earlier Maximus is trying to get back to Rome to get his freedom and revenge on Marcus Aurelius. This relates to Singers notion of melodrama because the movie is able to accomplish some sort of relationship with a vast audience and have many people relate and sympathize with Maximus. Singer mentions that melodrama is a distorted view on reality, where impossible situations occur constantly one after the other but with the realist effect.Excess is present during the battles of Maximus and Tigris of Graul. In this scene we are drawn into the action completely as if we were observers in the Coliseum itself. The constant roar of the crowds and their urging for death capture your ears and keep the adrenaline rushing; you become a Roman and are cheering for death yours elf. Every clash of swords, every bang of metal on metal, and every cut, slash, puncture, punch and kick are all felt by the devastating realism of sound and camera angles. An awesome aspect of this scene is the fading in and out of the crowd while the fight surges. A favorite of mine, which caught my full attention, was the chains of the tigers running through the rings, symbolizing danger, as they were the only distinct sounds. The music draws you into the scene with its constant growth of intensity besides music, we see exaggeration in how the villain Commodus is very jealous of Maximus. Throughout the movie all battles in which Maximus takes place, bring up the notion of sensationalism since the viewers are excited to watch Maximus fight and triumph over his enemies. Finally, when Commodus is killed, there is a moment of suspense where everyone is wondering what will happen next this is a deadlock coming from the notion of situation Now looking at the movie from Sobchaks point o f view, we could see a presence of a melodrama genre. Since the hero, is going through obstacles which he cant always find himself victorious. These obstacles are gladiator battles which put Maximus life in danger, but also death situations through time. The formula used in this movie is that the viewers know from the very beginning of the movie that Maximus will be able to overcome everything and anything which stands in his path to revenge. Sobchaks formal aspects, as defined earlier, are the colors, lights and costumes. A good scene, where the presence of all these aspects are found is when, Maximus is tied up and gazing upwards towards the heavens. This shows us that he has finally reached his goal and destination, which is to avenge his family and join them in the afterlife. Gracchus then comments, â€Å"who will help me carry him†, and many people step forward and an almost royal procession is made as he is carried out the arena. Commodus can be seen in the corner of th e aerial shot in his robes ignored and forgotten. This again symbolizes that the evil has gone and the good prevails. Singer and Sobchack both offer conceptualization of genre melodrama. Both accounts are relevant for the movie The Gladiator. This Ridley Scotts realization brings out the deep thought about greatness, principle, life and death through a great story about a simple but encompassing idea of a good vision, a vision of freedom: the general who became a slave, the slave who became a gladiator, and the gladiator who defied the emperor. The story shows us what greatness means. That greatness is being true to your word, being truthful to yourself and doing a noble and generous deed. It is not about being rich or being poor nor being a king or slave it is something in the character of the individual. No matter who or what he is. Maximus proves his worth as being a good man by being true to his promise to King Marcus Aurelious. The idea also shows us about freedom. That it can be won by staying together for a good cause and having true friends. Working together for a vision to attain a goal de spite dangers. Greatness is an act that teaches men wisdom, wisdom to have strength and honor to the extent of risking ones life. Maximus adventures appear to be in everyones everyday life. People might not be fighting in the same way; but at the end of the day, people always find themselves in their own battles throughout their lives which they must overcome in order to succeed.

Peer to Peer Piracy and the Film Industry Essays -- Exploratory Essays

Peer to Peer Piracy and the Film Industry Introduction Each day an estimated 400,000 films exchange hands through the Internet. Movie piracy, once reserved to pirate syndicates and illegal duplication factories, has become a common staple among college students with high-speed internet access. With advanced compression technology, movie files can be transferred across continents in hours and across campus networks in under ten minutes. File-sharing is seen as a victimless crime, but the motion picture industry is expected to lose $3.5 billion this year alone due to piracy. Pirate activities undermine every aspect of the legitimate filmmaking business since legitimate retailers cannot possibly compete fairly with pirate business. Therefore, piracy negatively affects all aspects of film-making including the studios that invest in the film, the distributors, the retailers and foreign and local filmmakers. Economic Impact Intellectual property (TV programs, movies, etc†¦) is an incredible source of growth for the American economy. Intellectual property is not only America’s largest trade export, but it is creating new jobs at triple the rate of the rest of the economy, and is responsible for more than five percent of the GDP. The movie industry alone has a surplus balance of trade, something no other American company can lay claim to. Moviemaking is a risky business, for it is not always profitable. Only one in ten films ever recovers its initial investment from theatrical exhibition. In fact, four out of ten movies never recoup the original investment. In 2000, the average studio film cost had a total cost of over $80 million per film. No other industry in the world risks that much capital to make, finance, produce ... ...ue entertainment in a lawful environment. The attitude of entitlement that many internet users exhibit with regard to internet piracy must stop. The movie industry will not suffer the pillaging that has been inflicted on the music industry by casual pirates. New efforts to prevent piracy are currently being undertaken and they include research to new technologies to prevent piracy and copying, strengthening laws to inflict harsher penalties for copyright infringement, and educating the public about why copyright protection is imperative to economic growth and the negative effects that file-sharing has on the American consumer. Works Cited Valenti, Jack. Thoughts on the Digital Future of Movies, The Threat of Piracy, The Hope of Redemption. Motion Picture Association of American Press Release. 30 Sep. 2003

Analysis of The Birth Mark Essay examples -- The Birth Mark Essays

In â€Å"The Birthmark† the relationships and behaviors of the character reveal much more than the story itself does. The characters of Aylmer, Georgian, Amenidab and Nature itself, through their words, actions, and behaviors give insight into a much more meaningful story. A deeper analysis of the characters reveals that they are archetypes, and as archetypes they provide a deeper hidden meaning to the story. By looking at Aylmer, Georgiana, Amenidab and Natures relationships and actions throughout the story we can see how they are used to give deeper significance. The character of Aylmer can be seen as a sinister, mad scientist who constantly fights with nature in order to attain human perfection. From the beginning of the story Aylmer’s fight with nature can be seen. â€Å"We know not whether Aylmer possessed this degree of faith in man’s ultimate control over nature. He had devoted himself, however, too unreservedly to scientific studies ever to be weakened from them by any second passion† (Hawthorne 218). This shows Aylmer’s passion in trying to discover the secrets of nature and being able to master it. Aylmer’s obsession with perfection and defying nature can be seen again when he is discussing the mark on Georgiana’s cheek. â€Å"’No, dearest Georgiana, you came so nearly perfect from the hand of Nature, that this slightest possible defect, which we hesitate whether to term a defect or a beauty, shocks me, as being the visible mark of earthly imperfection’† (Hawthorne 219). This shows Aylmer is not trying to remove the mark as an act of love, but instead trying to remove the mark because it symbolizes a stain of imperfection by nature. Aylmer is obsessed in his efforts to remove the mark and his motivations are not to make Ge... ...eard again! Thus ever does the gross fatality of earth exult in its invariable triumph over the immortal essence which, in this dim sphere of half-development, demands the completeness of a higher state† (Hawthorne 231). This laughter appears to come from no one in the room but rather Nature itself. Nature is laughing at Aylmer in his attempt to try and overpower it and create his own form of perfection. Since the hand on Georgiana’s face is viewed as Natures touch on her, it is not difficult to view Nature as an actual character in the story. After a deeper analysis of the characters in the story â€Å"The Birthmark† it is easy to see there are multiple hidden meanings throughout. The characteristics and actions of Aylmer, Georgiana, Amenidab and Nature help us to see deeper into the characters and see their true motivations and meanings in the story.

Global Communications Essay

While thanking you for the opportunity provided to research on Toyota company, there are several issues that neither be possible explained in detail in this letter nor directly in conversation. It is an agreeable fact that, Toyota is marginally successful in these global trade times in spite of stiff competition. A great strength of the company exists in its innovative and exchange of technology. There are several internal problems for the company in production process, workforce and even in marketing of cars. Toyota company is a middle class and commercial automobile company, which is meeting a great requirement of migrant workers and small businesses which are developing each new day especially in U. S, which is being cashed in by Toyota company. However there are major concerns of global crude oil price which has reached $100. 00 per barrel and a concern of global warming and emission of greenhouse gases, CO2, vehicle pollution are some of the major threats that Toyota has to work with in order to sustain in the market. Enclosing herewith a synopsis for your perusal and information. Sincerely, Paulbright Synopsis on Toyota Toyota company is a multinational company in manufacture of automobiles. There are millions of customers who are using Toyota cars on a daily basis for office going and for other commercial purposes. Especially in U. S. Toyota cars are extremely in use and even in the recent years, Toyota company has posted a rapid growth by its successful brand Prius Hybrid vehicle. Many experts in automobiles are of the opinion that Toyota has established â€Å"green image† in automobile market. Toyota company mark as a monopoly did not leave the company without problems in spite of its remarkable success. The problems are in various measures such as internal and external which the company’s management has to deal with. Although Toyota company is performing fairly well as compared with competitors there are problems of defective engines, designs and production problems which reflect in fall of sales. Particularly with regard to safety defects in Toyota vehicles is of a major concern to the company. Toyota company has a great experience in adoption of new technologies, innovation of technology and exchange of technology. However, with the emerge of globalisation, there is a stiff competition in the market, which brings in new kind of marketing problems, employment problems and other management problems to the company, whereas it is an agreeable fact that when there are problems, solution exists within the problem whether it is in production, workforce or marketing and these require proper identification of sources of problem, analysis and strategies to counter-attack the problem in order to keep the growth of the company. Especially with global fuel price rise in oil market, bringing a new major concern to Toyota company, which discourages customers to purchase petrol or diesel driven automobiles with the fact that fuel filling is quite expensive. Therefore Toyota company has launched Toyota FCHW which runs with Hydrogen have also entered consumer market as substitute vehicles for petrol and diesel. These hydrogen vehicles also help in less emission of CO2 into the atmosphere. In spite of the acute measure of problems, Toyota company has been endeavoring constantly pursuing comfort with technology aid and in introducing more outperforming and outstanding vehicles into the cars market. Running head: GLOBAL COMMUNICATIONS 202, Chenoy Avenue St. Joseph’s street Las Vegas – 232 001 (xxx) (xxx xxx) paulbright@yahoo. com February 3, 2008 Mr. Noel Park Automobile Consultant 222, Business Trade center California – 452 005 Dear Mr. Park, Thanks indeed for the good opportunity to research on General Motors. It was a knowledgeable experience in finding some key facts about the company. General Motors is truly facing a halted position in U. S market and is doing very well outside U. S. However, retaining a proportionate share of domestic market is considered to be good at all times with the fact that â€Å"one does not lose battle on one’s own ground† . Have stated some of the alternative measures of strategies General Motors has to undertake with immediate effect and mode of change in operational methods. Enclosing herewith synopsis of General Motors for your perusal and for further necessary action. Sincerely, Paulbright Synopsis on General Motors Another multinational company General Motors with huge and massive successful track of business for several decades, has come to a stage of halt in U. S market as its competitors Toyota, Honda,Hyundai and Nissan have built a proportionate consumer market in U. S. It is an acceptable fact that, General Motors brands of cars are extremely of efficient functioning and due to changing times of global trade entering domestic market, GM has lost sales in an uneven field. This gives out another fact that losing U. S market does not mean that GM has lost consumer market in other countries viz. , Canada, Europe, Asia and many other parts of the world. GM luxury cars Chevrolet, Saturn, Pontiac, GMC, Saab, Hummer and several other models of car have to be made available in market with super special features of advanced technology with cost effective pricing. As a matter of fact, although middle class consumer market is extensive and wide, luxury cars have always retained a unique identity in the market such as in Benz cars, BMW and Lexus. In other words, General Motors must work on innovative manufacturing and marketing strategies in order to maintain its yester years reputation and to keep the sale of cars in high numbers even in losing ground of U. S. market. GM must also work to evolve new methods of marketing to prevent loss of consumer market in North America with the fact that North America has a huge market even if it is for luxury cars. Therefore, General Motors while pursuing other export market, a part of its concentration must also be ventured in North America consumer market. With an apparent fact of severe battle with competitors, General Motors has also been confronted with workforce problems by cutting 30,000 jobs and closure of a dozen plants due to company’s record of loss which posted nearly to $4 billion in 2005. â€Å"GM sought to destroy small dealers through their so-called secret Project 2000, which GM defined as the systematic elimination of small dealerships by the year 2000, and was designed to consolidate car sales at large auto malls,† (Horvath). Running head: GLOBAL COMMUNICATIONS 202, Chenoy Avenue St. Joseph’s street Las Vegas – 232 001 (xxx) (xxx xxx) paulbright@yahoo. com February 3, 2008 Mr. Noel Park Automobile Consultant 222, Business Trade center California – 452 005 Dear Mr. Park, With regard to the synopsis of Toyota and General Motors, the following are some of the key findings. (a) The scenario of Toyota and General Motors is fair and competitive. Both the companies have internal, external and operational method problems. General Motors is partly facing a financial crunch due to its fall in sales and this can be prevented on undertaking of new marketing strategies in U. S as well in other parts of the world where GM branded cars are mostly in want. (b) Problems of production, workforce, management are plenty in Toyota whereas General Motors has slashed jobs and have closed plants in many countries as a precautionary measure. It can always be presumed that these plants would be restored to production as and when the company regains its market. (c) No company can meet every demand of a customer whereas every model of car has a particular design and technicality and with this fact, it can be concluded that branded cars always retain its reputation even though new entries are available in the market at low cost. The trend in market is never constant and it keeps changing and General Motors has an opportunity to watch this trend of consumer market and must restore its marketing strategies. References Michael Kowalski (2007), Rapid Growth has lead to problems for Toyota Accessed February 3, 2008 http://www. glgroup. com/News/Rapid-Growth-has-lead-to-problems-for-Toyota-18827. html Should President Bush be focused on moving forward with Hydrogen? Accessed February 3, 2008 http://hydrogendiscoveries. wordpress. com/ Books Cornelius Herstatt (2005) Management of Technology And Innovation in Japan Accessed February 3, 2008 http://books. google. com/books? id=KC7zgDeAnc8C&pg=PR22&lpg=PR19&dq=toyota+company+problems+and+solutions&ie=ISO-8859-1&output=html&sig=7ATxnpTUENdyS6Dd22CkmAh24ko General Motors GM: Solutions for effective change Accessed February 3, 2008 http://ezinearticles. com/? GM:-Solutions-For-Effective-Change&id=152642 General Motors problems are no secret, but few know why they exist: Insider provides answer in New Book ‘Project 2000’

Ancient Civilization Of Mesopotamia

According to some archaeologists, the ancient civilization of Mesopotamia had its first settlements dating back since 10,000 BCE. Due to this, it is considered as one of the birthplace of civilizations. Mesopotamia was also known as â€Å"the country between two rivers. † (Chilvers, 2007) These two rivers that surrounded this fertile land were the Tigris and the Euphrates. I believe that both rivers were one of the significant environmental factors that contributed to the development of the ancient civilization known as Mesopotamia. (Hollar, 2011) The Tigris and Euphrates rivers start out in the mountains of Armenia.They are almost parallel to each other until they merge creating the Shatt al-Arab waterway which then empties to the Persian Gulf. The southern parts of these rivers are calmer, witnessed by the fertile soil that it produces. The Tigris is considerably shorter than the Euphrates, but was found to be more of importance commercially due to it being deeper. Bigger bo ats were able to travel here compared to the flat-bottomed ones that passed through the Euphrates. (Chilvers, 2007) The peoples of this region greatly depended and benefited from these rivers.It produced a land for them to be able to thrive and survive. The earliest of these peoples were known as the Sumerians. The Sumerians relied heavily on the Tigris and Euphrates rivers for their agriculture and irrigation needs. They created a system that included cultivating and cropping. Along with proper irrigation and organized labor, they were able to take advantage of the fertile land. By doing this, they were able to produce a surplus of food that enabled them to stay in one place rather than migrating to different regions.They produced crops such as wheat and barley on a large scale. With the massive production of crops, not only did they have enough to feed themselves but they also had enough that enabled them to start on the domestication of animals. They raised different kinds of ani mals, but mainly sheep and cattle. They were able to use these animals not just a source of food, but for other survival needs as well, such as wool for clothing. Plenty of fishes were also caught from these rivers. With the surrounding waters, the land also provided clay which gave them the material to create pots and vases.The peoples of Mesopotamia depended heavily upon these rivers. Without them, their ways of survival would have been different. (Chadwick, 2005) B. The process of diffusion of potato was very important in the early days of human societies. Different varieties of potatoes were first discovered about 14,000 years ago by early South Americans. There were originally 235 different species of potatoes. It wasn’t’ until one specific type was found that the people realized how valuable potato can be.It was around 10,000 BCE that the S.tuberosum species of potato was discovered and domesticated by farmers from the Andes Mountains. The fertile soil and weathe r conditions of the Andes Mountains made it possible for the plants optimal growth. With the summer days and cold nights, they found out different ways to plant and grow potatoes. This led them to discover several varieties that ended up migrating to different societies. (Smith, 2011) By 1200 CE, the Inca Empire civilization was able to grasp the ways of the initial Andeans way of growing and planting potatoes.(Smith, 2011)Peoples of the Andean culture were absorbed into the Inca Empire. They were able to teach the ways that their ancestors have done in the past to grow and domesticate potatoes. After the potato arrived in the Inca Empire, it became their most important crop. With vast lands, they grew and cultivated potatoes extending from what is now known as the southern part of Columbia to the central part of Chile. (Smith, 2011) Due to the massive production of potatoes, they had to find ways on how to be able to store and keep them from spoiling.With enough searching, they wer e able to discover a technique of freezing and drying potatoes. These were called chuà ±os. Because of this process, they were able to save food from the times of famine. Workers from this society were required to build storage houses to store all the chuà ±os. In the year of 1532, the Spanish Conquistadores conquered the Inca Empire which led to further transmission and replication. (Smith, 2011) Today, the potato is a very important to our society’s diet as it was when the Andeans first discovered it.This would have not been possible if it wasn’t for the process of diffusion. C. Throughout the centuries, there have been many geographical and environmental factors that have affected the development and expansion of the United States. Two of these factors which greatly shaped this country to what it is today are the California Gold Rush and the Dust Bowl. The California Gold Rush began in January 24, 1848, when a man named James Marshall discovered gold alongside the American River which is located at present-day Sacramento.He then tells his boss, John Sutter, regarding his discovery. John Sutter tried to keep it as a secret, but people eventually found out and the word traveled. The word kept spreading until it reached the town of San Francisco. Reports were then published in a San Francisco based newspaper, The California Star. (California Historical Society, 2011) After some time passed, words have circulated to the eastern part of the United States. These series of events kicked off the migration of people to head west on a chance to becoming wealthy.It wasn’t only the people of the United States that was enticed with this discovery, but people from all over the world flocked to California. They came from different nations such as China, Australia, and Mexico, which is only a few of many. In 1849, there were ninety-thousand gold seekers that have taken different routes by land or water to reach California. The population of less than 25,000 just before 1849 grew to 223, 856 coming from a special census in 1852. (Udall & Emmons, 2003) Due to this population growth, California was pronounced as the 31st state of the United States.Before 1931, the fields of the Great Plains in the United States have always been a welcoming place for farmers. It wasn’t until that summer that a drought came leaving the land very dry. The main crop wheat that grew here started dying due to the prolonged drought. With the growing winds, the once productive Great Plains has turned into a disaster that is waiting to happen. This became known as the Dust Bowl. (Soomo, 2013, The Dust Bowl) When the Dust Bowl started, about half a million Americans were forced to stay indoors and left with no choices because breathing has become difficult.Winds would reach up to a hundred miles per hour. (Soomo, 2013, The Dust Bowl) For the ones who went outside, especially children, they were required to wear face protection such as masks to cover their faces. This went on for years. The ones who were not able to cope up and live daily like this had to migrate and abandon what they had in the Great Plains. By 1940, about 2. 5 million people left to other parts of the United States. About 200,000 moved to California. (Worster, 1979, 2004) The Dust Bowl was considered as one of the largest migration in American history.

Concrete is the single most widely used material in the world Essay

Concrete a composite man-made material is the most widely used material in the construction industry. It consists of a rotationally chosen mixture of binding material such as lime or cement, well-graded fine and coarse aggregate, water and admixture. In a concrete mix, cement and water form a paste or matrix which fills the voids of the fine aggregate and binds them (fine and coarse) together. The mixture then placed in forms and allowed to cure and becomes hard like stone. The hardening of concrete is caused by chemical reaction between water and cement and it continues for a long time, and consequently, the concrete grows stronger with age. The strength, durability and other characteristics of concrete depend upon the properties of its ingredients, the proportion of the mix, the method of compaction and other controls during placing and curing. Basically, concrete can be classified into two stages namely which is fresh concrete and hardened concrete. There are a few types of concrete likes polymer concrete, glass concrete, asphalt concrete and geopolymer concrete. Geopolymers are formed by alkali-activating a variety of materials including fly ash, blast furnace slag, thermally activated clays etc. to produce a cement-like material. The three most common raw binders used in polymerization are slag, calcined clays (metakaolin) and coal fly ash. The binder materials should contain high levels of aluminum (Al) and silicon (Si) in amorphous form. The raw materials play a significant role in the geopolymer reaction and affect the mechanical properties and microstructure of the final polymeric products. Generally, materials containing mostly amorphous silica (SiO2) and alumina (Al2O3) are the source for geopolymer production. Naturally available materials like kaolin , natural puzzolana and Malaysian marine clay , treated minerals like metakaolin and waste materials like fly ash ,Construction waste , red clay brick waste , fly ash and rice husk-bark ash, fly ash and blast furnace slag etc can be used. Many different materials have already been investigated and used as the binder in geopolymer concrete mixes, including: Low calcium fly ash ( Class F fly-ash) High calcium fly ash (Class C fly-ash) Calcined kaolin or metakaolin Natural minerals containing Al and Si Silica Fume Slag Red mud Albite Geopolymer binders may be made from a variety of alumino-silicate sources. The engineering aspects of geopolymer concrete as later described in this document relate to geopolymeric materials based primarily on low calcium (or Class F) ï ¬â€šy ashes. Geopolymers incorporating significant quantities of calcium-rich materials such as slag, for instance, may have different properties to those based on low calcium ï ¬â€šy ash alone. While commercial availability of geopolymer concrete is a new phenomenon, not just in Australia but globally, geopolymer technology and its application in real projects is not new. Development of the technology has been undertaken in Europe for the entirety of the post-World War 2 era, predominantly in Ukraine during and following the Soviet rule, but significantly in France, Spain, Germany and other countries. This era of research and development resulted in the construction of numerous structures including civil waterworks, railway sleepers, pipes, pavement, roads, fire resistance coatings, conventional precast products and even a twenty-story apartment building in Lipetsk, Russia. Some of these structures are now over sixty years old and their durability has been proven in both the laboratory and most importantly, in the field. Despite this level of large-scale development, the commercial impetus to develop the technology into a business did not arise until the highly substantial carbon emissions from conventional OPC manufacture have become of concern. CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1BACKGROUND OF STUDY The study of the strength of geopolymer concrete by using oven curing was done by P. K. Jamade and U.R. Kawade. Geopolymer concrete is prepared by mixing the fly ash, sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide in this study case and cured at a different temperature which is 60â„Æ', 90â„Æ' and 120â„Æ'. The observation has been showing that geopolymer concrete gained a larger compressive strength at higher temperature. The curing time also affects the polymerization process which influences the compressive strength of geopolymer concrete. The polymerization process can be improved by increasing the period of the curing to increase the strength of geopolymer concrete. Steenie Edward Wallah uses four different test specimen which has the different compressive strength to test the shrinkage of geopolymer concrete. The result was compared to the drying shrinkage value which was calculated by using Gilbert method. The result showed that the geopolymer concrete has a very low drying shrinkage. However, the value of drying shrinkage calculated by Gilbert method was 5 to 7 times higher than the value measured. Monita and Hamid R. Nikraz studied the strength characteristics, water permeability, and water absorption of low calcium fly ash based geopolymer concrete. Geopolymer mix was tested with different water/binder ratio, aggregate/binder ratio, alkaline/fly ash ratio and aggregate grading. The results showed that reduce the water/binder ratio and aggregate/binder ratio can obtain a good quality of concrete; the water permeability does not affect by any factor; the water absorption increased by using well-graded aggregates, reducing water/binder ratio and increasing the content of fly ash. Arya Aravind and Matthew M Paul had focused the study on the compressive strength and tensile strength of geopolymer concrete with the reinforcing steel fiber. Experiments were carried out in Box-Behnken experimental design which is a type of response surface methodology. From the result of the Box-Behnken design, it can be concluded that the compressive strength of geopolymer concrete is increased with an increase of the curing period. When the percentage of steel fiber increased, the tensile strength of geopolymer also increased. The strength obtained under the curing process with normal sunlight was 16 N/mm2.

Anatomy Unit 6 Study Guide

Unit 6 Study Guide 1. The types of muscles are smooth, cardiac, and skeletal. 2. The muscle is made up of myofibrils that allow for muscle contraction. 3. The parts of the myofibrils that allow for it to extend out are called the sacomere. 4. The nerve cell that connects to several muscle fibers called a motor neuron. 5. The thick ones are protein myosin. The thin ones are protein actin. 6. The chemicals that stimulate the muscle to contract are called neurotransmitters 7. Acetylcholine contracts the muscles. 8. Acetylcholines are stored at the end of each motor neuron. . The combination of the motor neuron and the muscles it controls are called a motor unit. 10. The energy storing molecule found in the mitochondrion is ATP (adenosine triphoshate). 11. If there is a lack of ATP then there will be muscle cramps. 12. The chemical that builds in the muscle caused by strenuous exercise is lactic acid. 13. The pigment that causes blood to be red is hemoglobin. 14. The pigment that causes the muscles to be brown is myoglobin. 15. The discoloration and swelling in a muscle strain is caused by ruptured blood vessels. 16.After death where ATP decreased and muscles cannot relax the body then rigor mortis will take place. 17. A contraction then sudden relaxation of a muscle caused by a single stimulus is called a twitch. 18. The delay between the time the stimulus is applied and the time the muscle responds is called latent period. 19. Partially inflamed and swollen tendons are called tendonitis. 20. The immovable end of the joint is called the origin. 21. The movable end of the joint is called the insertion. 22. Muscular dystrophies is inherited disorder which causes the collapse of muscles. Anatomy Unit 6 Study Guide Unit 6 Study Guide 1. The types of muscles are smooth, cardiac, and skeletal. 2. The muscle is made up of myofibrils that allow for muscle contraction. 3. The parts of the myofibrils that allow for it to extend out are called the sacomere. 4. The nerve cell that connects to several muscle fibers called a motor neuron. 5. The thick ones are protein myosin. The thin ones are protein actin. 6. The chemicals that stimulate the muscle to contract are called neurotransmitters 7. Acetylcholine contracts the muscles. 8. Acetylcholines are stored at the end of each motor neuron. . The combination of the motor neuron and the muscles it controls are called a motor unit. 10. The energy storing molecule found in the mitochondrion is ATP (adenosine triphoshate). 11. If there is a lack of ATP then there will be muscle cramps. 12. The chemical that builds in the muscle caused by strenuous exercise is lactic acid. 13. The pigment that causes blood to be red is hemoglobin. 14. The pigment that causes the muscles to be brown is myoglobin. 15. The discoloration and swelling in a muscle strain is caused by ruptured blood vessels. 16.After death where ATP decreased and muscles cannot relax the body then rigor mortis will take place. 17. A contraction then sudden relaxation of a muscle caused by a single stimulus is called a twitch. 18. The delay between the time the stimulus is applied and the time the muscle responds is called latent period. 19. Partially inflamed and swollen tendons are called tendonitis. 20. The immovable end of the joint is called the origin. 21. The movable end of the joint is called the insertion. 22. Muscular dystrophies is inherited disorder which causes the collapse of muscles.

Ukrainian Language and Culture

Every day we use, transmit and sometimes learn both language and culture. We are most likely oblivious to it, but our language is inevitably influenced by the culture we live in – e. . the way we are taught to treat people and speak are connected. We are also most likely to have the same traditions and customs as the people speaking the same language. In this essay I will briefly define language and culture and present some examples of the influence on each other from my own Ukrainian culture. What is culture? Found in Oxford Dictionary Online, culture means â€Å"the customs, arts, social institutions, and achievements of a particular nation, people, or other social group†¦ † The word itself comes from the Latin word cultura – meaning growing, cultivation.Edward Tylor (1871) summarized it the following way: Culture †¦ is that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society. We practice what we learn throughout life and transmit to our children what we have been taught – the basic behaviour, such as greeting, table manners and dressing but inevitably also traditions, such as birthday and Christmas celebration. Without investigating we know that this type of behaviour was taught and found in many generations before us, and will be long after we die.The culture – the way we do things – is transgenerational – it continues beyond lifetimes (Rosman&Rubel 2001). Neither does culture stand still – it changes and develops over time (Ferraro, 1998). What is language? Language, or speech, is the primary human communication tool which conveys ideas, transfers messages and makes people interact. Apart from the verbal communication we find the other two – written and non-verbal (body language). Languages are made out of devises like grammar, syntax, phonemes and mordhenics (Ferraro, 1998). Language is also one of the things that differs us from animals (Rosman&Rubel 2001).Just the same way as we experience and practice culture, we do with language. The dictionary definition of the word is â€Å"1. the method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured way 2. †¦ used by a particular country or community† (Oxford Dictionaries Online, 2012). Here it is evident that language is, apart from being a body of words and systems and speech, tightly connected to a specific group of people and consequently a culture. How does language influence culture and vice versa?Based on the information above, we see a very clear pattern – the ways humans speak and behave are connected. Language is the tool through which cultural ideas can be conveyed, transmitted and kept, and â€Å"when a group begins to lose its language, its cultural tapestry begins to unravel† (Rosman&Rubel, 2001, pp. 41). Som examples of language and c ulture going hand in hand, can be found in my Ukrainian culture: In addition to your name, you also carry a middle name – a patronymic. According to Oxford Online Dictionary, it is â€Å"a name derived from the name of a father or ancestor, typically by the addition of a prefix or suffix†.For instance, my full name is Anastasia Oleksandrivna Semenova. My fathers name is Oleksandr and being a female, the ending is -ivna. Males’ endings are typically -ov or -ich. Culturally this links the father being highly honored in the typical Ukrainian family – he is the head of the house and the provider. The patronymic is kept for life. This is also essential when addressing to eachother. In everyday life people typically use the first name and the fathers name, if not being family or very close friends, e. g. Anastasia Oleksandrivna. When addressing someone formally, different types of ‘you’ is used – e. . a friend would be addressed as â€Å"ty † () but a teacher, a boss or, in a childs case, everyone that is older would be addressed as â€Å"vy† (). Showing respect this way is a strict rule, but is a habit since it is taught from infancy. Culturally, this links with the politeness taught from a very young age – to respect the older, non-familiar and higher-educated people than you. Changing the â€Å"vy† to â€Å"ty† is a sign of entering into the friend circle. Conclusion The broad term culture includes behaviour, customs, traditions, cuisine, law and morals of a specific group of people.It is taught, transmitted, transgenerational and changed over time. Language is the primary tool of interaction and communication of man. It is shared by a community or a group of people and is tightly connected to the culture of the group – by language culture is taught and transmitted. The Ukrainian culture values and teaches respect when addressing one another. Two good examples are the use of patronymics as a middle name (links to high position of the father) and a formal and informal ‘you’ (links to respect toward older and unfamiliar people). Bibliography&references

Authenticity & Socio-econmic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Authenticity & Socio-econmic - Essay Example Though it did not really mention the specific enhancements done on their new model, it did not exaggerate or claimed anything beyond what the product really is. This second print ad is to advertise a new line of fragrance from Gucci. It has been known to be a prestigious brand not only because of its high end quality of perfumes but at the same time the exclusivity of the brand as it only targets a certain market who can afford these kinds of perfume they make. However, in this ad, it strongly implies or sells love and lust which is very misleading to the audience. Although the male model seems to be drawn closer to the woman model as he seemingly love how she smells, the manner in which it was portrayed, employing nudity or sex is a form of environmental degradation or commoditizing human beings. The use of this line of perfume should not be associated with getting one physical satisfaction or

Exercise Psychology Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Exercise Psychology - Assignment Example The right side of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs. In the lungs the inhalation of oxygen then oxygenates this blood. The heart’s left atrium sends this now oxygenated blood through the bicuspid valve into the left ventricle. This ventricle contracts and pumps the blood into the aorta and then into the blood through the arteries as a means of supplying oxygen. This blood is then deoxygenated and returns to the body through the veins. This blood then enters the superior vena cava and the right atrium. After passing through the right atrium the blood goes through the right ventricle and finally back to the lungs and the pulmonary artery. 2. The aerobic energy system functions within the body as a means of producing energy. There are three specific parts to this system: glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain (‘What is exercise’). The glycolysis component of the aerobic system is the primary energy source for cell activities. The body receives energy from the glycolic system through a process referred to as oxidation. During this process the body produces two ATP molecules, a reduced molecule of NAD (NADH), and two pyruvate molecules. The specific oxidation occurs within the cytoplasm of normal body cells or within the sarcoplasm of muscle cells. The second stage of the aerobic system is the Krebs Cycle. The Krebs Cycle specifically refers to the process where chemical reactions occur to produce carbon dioxide and ATP. Subsequently, these items are implemented for energy. This occurs in a cyclical process where oxygen is implemented towards the production of energy; it is then implemented through oxidation to convert ADP to ATP. The Krebs Cycle turns twice for each molecule of glucose that passes through the aerobic system (McMahon 1984, p. 112). In these regards, pyruvate molecules enter the Krebs Cycle and are converted to Acetyl Coenzymes. During this process for each molecule of pyruvate that is converted to acetyl coenzyme A, an NAD is also reduced (McMahon 1984, p. 112). Notably, the entirety of this process occurs within the matrix of the cells’ mitochondria. The final part of the aerobic system is the electron transport chain. Within the electron transport chain, stored energy is implemented as a gradient between protons across cells. This is then used to create ATP, or known as energy. This stage of the aerobic cycle occurs on the cristae; this is the unfolding of the membrane of the mitochondria (McMahon 1984, p. 112). The NADH+ from glycolysis and the Krebs Cycle, and FADH+ pass through this electron transport chain and provides enough energy to produce three molecules of ATP (McMahon 1984, p. 112). Additionally, the molecules of FADH+ that are produced each provide two molecules of ATP. Many exercises implement the aerobic energy system. These forms of exercise are also referred to as cardio exercises as they impact the cardiovascular system. These exercises specifically implement oxygen via aerobic metabolic processes. As such the forms of exercise that most prominently implement the aerobic system are exercises such as running, jogging, or swimming (Fox 2001, p. 12). Additionally, there are specific exercise programs aimed to target the aerobic system, such as ‘aerobics’ or pilates. 3. The anaerobic energy system is contrasted from the aerobic energy system. One considers that there are two types of anaerobic energy

You Live, You May or Not Learn Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

You Live, You May or Not Learn - Research Paper Example In doing so, Austen emphasizes that people depend on social conventions to make it through life; revealing that neither youth nor old age makes for a wise person. Although human nature may tend towards making mistakes, Austen suggests that it is not how old you are that makes for folly, it is whether you think you are always right. Anne Elliot and Fredrick Wentworth make mistakes and learn from them and Sir Walter Elliot and his daughter Elizabeth Elliot say and do foolish things all the time and never learning anything. Introduction There are two types of individuals in this world, male or female. The first category says, ‘Whatever I say is correct.’ The other category says, ‘Whatever correct is there in the world, belongs to me.’ The differentiation apparently looks so simple, but in reality it is profound. The former categories of individuals are egoistic. The latter are willing to learn from own experience and from the experiences of others. Sir Walter E lliot and his daughter Elizabeth Elliot belong to the first category and Anne Elliot and Fredrick Wentworth belong to the latter category. What is theory alter all? It is other man’s experience. A man of experience may not have academic degrees to boast of. He studies in the college of self-education, where his mind is his principal; his initiative, the professors; his hard work, the tutors. Such individuals have a measured approach to different situations in life. In â€Å"Persuasion† Jane Austen deals with complex class and gender relations related to the nineteenth century English middle-class society. An author, howsoever intelligently one may try, will not be able to sweep under the carpet one’s own life-experiences while penning the characters in the literary works. Jane Austen is no exception to this rule. As her career progresses (per se, she also attains maturity in her thinking with the advancing age) I am able to see a romantic shift in the feminist a nd individualistic ideology and she begins to show varying cognitive qualities in her heroines and other characters. She depends on her experience to portray her character’s and her heroines bring alive the prevailing aspects of feminism of the 19th century England. Actions are based upon emotions and the genesis of emotion is in the experiences gained in real life situations. One discovers one’s happiness and pursuit of goals by instinct and through the play of emotions. This perspective of life may be easy for the women of the 21st century. But Jane Austen’s heroines belong to the 19th century male-dominated society, wherein women have little or no voice to feel free, think free and to act free. To understand the correct meaning of ‘You Live, You May or Not Learn,’ it is necessary to study the outline of the plot created by Jane Austen in â€Å"Persuasion.† The implied meaning of persuasion is applying pressure to convince about something t o someone. Here is the head of the family Sir Walter Elliot, who is not willing to listen to anyone on any issue and takes decisions that affect his three daughters according to his whims and fancies. Lady Elliot has died fourteen years ago, leaving behind the asset of three daughters. Elizabeth and Anne are single, but the younger one is married to a wealthy individual. Sir Walter’s lavish lifestyles, and living beyond the means to maintain the level of prestige, which he thinks he commands in the society, brings the family to a sad pass. When he is asked to prune his budget by a well-wisher of the family, Lady Russell, Sir Walters resents her counsel. According to him, he lives the ideal standard of life, befitting the essential dignity of the family, but the reality

Educational Action Research Annotated Bibliography

Educational Action Research - Annotated Bibliography Example In this attempt, the author employs expositions of ethnography and action research so as to decrease the effect of epistemological cleavage between these two different approaches. Subsequently, the research is more relevant as it involves author’s experience relating to participation in three reception classes. After practically developing this method and its efficacy with the design and approach of new methodological approach in the field of educational research, the authors concludes that the participation in early years education by using the method of participation can be used as a new methodological approach in this field.Dick, B. (2004). Action research literature: Themes and trends. Action Research, 2(4), 425-444. The author has reviewed various action research related books and has developed perspective on the theme and direction of these books. Among finding various themes, the author has found material related to action science, inquiry, system-related approaches and the important aspect of action learning as well in which role and involvement of education, community, health, and organizational developments and subsequent practical applications have been detailed as well. a number of developing themes and trends have been identified including the increase and expansion of action research along with constructive inquiry, participation, involvement of community are those certain factors that have gained currency within the growing context and perspective of action research.