The Awakening Essay -- essays research papers

Throughout The Awakening, Kate Chopin conveys her ideas by using carefully crafted symbols that reflect her characters' thoughts and futures. One of the most important of these symbols, the bird, appears constantly, interwoven in the story to provide an insight to the condition of Edna's and her struggle. At each of the three stages of her struggle, birds foreshadow her actions and emphasize the actions' importance while the birds' physical state provides an accurate measure of that of Edna's. Early in the novel, while Edna attempts to escape from society's strong grasp, birds emphasize her entanglement by forecasting her actions and monitor her development by reflecting her feelings. The novel opens with the image of a bird, trapped and unable to communicate: "a green and yellow parrot, which hung in the cage outside the door...could speak a little Spanish, and also a language that nobody understood" (1). Like the bird, Edna feels trapped and believes that society has imprisoned her. Her marriage to Mr. Pontellier suffocates her and keeps her from being free. At the same time, she remains shut apart from society like the bird in the cage, and different ideas and feelings prevent her from communicating. The only person in society that begins to understand her, Robert, eventually decides that he must remain a member of society instead of staying with her. He says that "you [Edna] were not free; you were Leonce Pontellier's wife" and that "[Robert] . ..

E-commerce and Interactive Communications Methods :: E-Commerce Design Essays

E-commerce and Interactive Communications Methods E-commerce E-commerce means carrying out of trade and commerce (including shopping) via electronic means. E-commerce can be sub-divided into business-to-business, business-to-consumer, and consumer-to-consumer transactions. E-commerce is sometimes known as e-tail, e-trade or e-business. There are a number of different uses of e-commerce. E-commerce can be used for marketing of goods and services; retail of goods and services; customer service and supply chain management (also known as E-procurement). Advantages of e-commerce: * The ability to reach a wider market * The ability to find information on competitors and to compete with larger businesses on an equal basis * Lower operating costs * The ability to buy as well as sell goods on the internet * Being faster than traditional retailing * Cost savings on marketing and promotion, e.g. producing fewer brochures * Offering more choice than traditional retailing * Establishing better customer and supplier relationships Disadvantages of e-commerce: * Staff- technical staff are an expensive resource * Building a customer base is expensive * Distribution- it is difficult when delivering orders to customers within a reasonable time period * Quality- online products should be equal in standard to the offline products * Expensive to set up e-commerce systems * Risk of fraud Interactive Communications Methods Interactive media is defined as the following: ‘A new telecommunication system designed to permit two-way communications between televisions or computers in one location with software stored on a central computer. Can also allow individuals in distant locations to communicate, teach, or learn from one another’. Examples of interactive communications methods include CD-ROMs; letters, memos and e-mails; the intranet; one-to-ones; meetings; phone calls and videoconferencing calls. Advantages of interactive communication: * The opportunities it provides for feedback * The greater degree of confidence it provides that the message has been understood * The recipient can to some extent control the pace of the communication * The message can be tailored to better meet the recipient’s needs The Internet is the primary interactive media for advertising. It has recently affected many areas of promotion, with interactive advertising, creative sponsorship, sales promotion, public relations, database marketing and prestige value of having a website. There are a number of other Internet resources which can be used to promote a website. Some of these are mentioned below: * Discussion lists- are a method for individuals to network with others on a particular topic * Webcasting- this is when subscribers list topics of interest and new information is sent directly to their to their computer screen

School Of Allied Health Science Education Essay

Distance acquisition, sometimes called e-learning is here defined as synergistic acquisition in which the acquisition content is available on-line and provides automatic feedback to the pupil ‘s acquisition activities. Online communicating with existent people may or may non be included, but the focal point of e- acquisition is normally more on the acquisition content than on communicating between scholars and coachs. Distance acquisition and its relationship to emerging computing machine engineerings have together offered many promises to the field of education.A In pattern nevertheless, the combination frequently falls short of what it attempts to accomplish.A Some of the defects are due to jobs with the engineering ; others have more to make with disposal, instructional methods, or students.A Despite the jobs, many users like engineerings such as tight picture and see continued growing in the country. However, distance acquisition is no such advantage is that it is easy, a individual can analyze without go toing categories or talks, while working or making some other class. It is besides a good option for homemakers who are non able to inscribe into classs because they have to take attention of immature kids, merely trade with computing machines and have their ain clip to larn and besides can pass on with coachs and equals via online such as electronic mail, forum and confab. . In distance instruction classs, you would be provided with study stuff and besides would hold to subject assignments on clip. These assignments would be assessed by professors who would direct you feedback. However, if you are be aftering to inscribe into distance acquisition, you need to to cognize about some of the distance larning pros and cons. Like every good thing, even distance acquisition has some disadvantages that can do it look a small inconvenient for people. The job may be due to factors balance between personal and learning jobs. If pupils can non accommodate to the system of distance acquisition, they will confront a different job. In add-on, deficiency of cognition and accomplishments about utilizing engineering and computing machines, linguistic communication accomplishments, particularly English linguistic communication, disorganised manner of larning to blend work jobs, household and survey clip. These are some of the distance acquisition advantages and disadvantages. Before doing a determination, it is of import to weigh the distance larning pros and cons. Though distance acquisition can be termed as a utile and convenient manner to derive cognition and to higher one ‘s making, whether it would profit you would wholly depend upon your personality and attitude. Here we will discourse in more item about the jobs faced by on-line scholars and solutions or suggestions can be followed so that any jobs that arise can be resolved satisfactorily. So it is of import to place the job faced by online scholars because without this cognition, possibly the scholars will lose their focal point and motiveTHREE MAIN PROBLEMS FACED BY BEGINNING ONLINE LEARNERSDespite the promises and obvious advantages to distance acquisition, there are jobs that need to be resolved.A These jobs include equilibrating the combination of work, household and instruction, analyze wonts and deficiency of accomplishments in technology.A Each one of these has an consequence on the overall quality of distance acquisition as a product.A In many ways, each of these issues relates to the others.A This is one of the major job which will do them believe twice earlier decide to progress their survey. The first job faced by on-line distance scholars is in equilibrating the combination of work and instruction. Most of the unfastened and distance scholar normally have many committednesss and duties that they must go to while making their educational ends. Many of them are married, work full clip and of class have kids. If non carried out, all of this can do the pupil bead out from their acquisition. Job duty is already daunting, allow entirely the household and the acquisition, so big scholars have limited clip to make their survey. The undertaking of equilibrating all of the above duty is genuinely disputing for most of them. The 2nd issue is in geting go on-line distance survey wonts. The pupils ‘ mundane environment is really deflecting for most of the pupils. Unlike traditional university pupils who are ever in their acquisition community which supports them most of the clip, on-line distance pupils are non. Distractions such as friends inquiring for dark supper and married woman demanding to travel shopping at the promenade every weekend are among other distractions faced by pupils. Geting some clip in a twenty-four hours to analyze is rather a difficult undertaking to finish. Online distance scholars besides have a difficult clip in being independent and responsible to their ain ego. Most of the clip, there is no 1 about to supervise the pupils larning procedure. The openness of the on-line distance plan gives pupils the freedom to make their acquisition procedure whenever they like but most of the clip, cunctation is the perpetrator. Unfocused position of their acquisition ends besides will do the pupils act irresponsibly towards their acquisition. The 3rd issue is on-line distance scholars besides face jobs in acknowledging and get the hanging strengths and accomplishments in Information Technology ( IT ) . In on-line distance acquisition, engineering is the chief conduit which information and communicating flow. A computing machine with internet entree is normally needed for this procedure and its application will necessitate the user to get the hang certain degree of skill. Some of these jobs arise from a deficiency of preparation, some from the teacher ‘s attitudes about utilizing the engineering, and still others by hardware problems.A It seems to be self apparent that teachers need to be trained to utilize distance larning engineering, but excessively frequently they are not.A The pupil will besides necessitate to hold some basic authorship accomplishments and travel on-line distance bid of English linguistic communication. Unfortunately, non all of the pupils possess the above accomplishments.3.0 THREE LOGICAL AND PRACTICAL SUGGESTION ON WAY TO REDUCE OR ELIMINATE THE PROBLEMS FACED BY BEGINNING ONLINE LEARNERSAdults pupils largely do non hold the luxury of go toing college on a full clip footing because of their work and household duties. They frequently experience jobs which, if non overcome, can ensue in the derailing of their educational ends. There are things that they can make though to assist get the better of the typical jobs that arise. The first solution is scholars must pull off and be after themselves efficaciously in order to equilibrating work, household and survey. They have to use smart clip direction. Avoiding stalling a must. They must be more responsible and have a focussed position towards larning. They must besides larn to better themselves in countries they are missing ( such as composing accomplishments, computing machine accomplishments, note taking accomplishments and English linguistic communication accomplishments ) because non all accomplishments will be taught by the coach. They need to actuate their ain ego by puting accomplishable ends and have a positive attitude. The 2nd solutions are start with less demanding class. There tends to be some ambitious classs that must be completed by pupils, there is seldom a demand that these should be the first 1s studied. Therefore, get down with less disputing 1s that you find more gratifying ab initio so as to construct assurance. This assists in acquiring used to the college atmosphere and the demands of class work once more. Furthermore, every pupil make a survey calender to detailing scrutiny day of the months and assignment due day of the months on a dedicated calender helps to avoid the rushing of assignments at the last proceedingss or exam cram Sessionss. Proper readying leads to good classs, while unequal planning consequences in failure. The 3rd solutions are make certain that internet entree is readily available. Study today is dependent on the cyberspace, forum, e-mail and etc as intermediate communicating. The ability to entree library databases and complete research online is the footing of wining. Besides, electronic entree eliminates the demand of passing many hours working on campus, you can analyze from place alternatively. The practical suggestion on manner to cut down job faced by online scholars are job work outing accomplishments. It gives the chance to develop other utile larning accomplishments such as like pattern specific processs and set theoretical usage when develop concluding abilities and creativeness in happening replies. Other method besides like develop scholars understanding of implicit in rules and do research subject in item. Deciding a survey job may travel through the undermentioned phases as like reappraisal of information. Define job, relate available information to the job with design a work program and methodological analysis and proctor results. Promote them to do a scheme for developing their job work outing accomplishments, which could include reexamining their ain effectivity in this country, placing the chief stairss of the job work outing procedure, placing the standards against which to judge the criterion or quality of results, looking at the job in different ways, simplifying it, doing comparings with researching information and confer withing people to set up critical thought, taking and utilizing methods to undertake the job and taking into history factors that may impact job work outing programs entering information in utile manner.4.0 DecisionThe job faced by get downing on-line scholars is such as like is in equilibrating the combination of work and instruction. Most of the unfastened and distance instruction pupils are older, have occupations and households, so they are should cognize how to pull off clip decently and which one are the precedence. The 2nd issue is in geting go on-line distance survey wonts. The pupils ‘ mundane environment is really deflecting for most of the pupils. Unlike traditional university pupils who are ever in their acquisition community which supports them most of the clip, on-line distance pupils are non, so they must should do a survey calender so that proper readying leads to good classs, while unequal planning can acquire failure consequence. Online distance scholars besides have a difficult clip in being independent and responsible to their ain ego. All the pupil online scholars have to work out all this job with their ain manner and besides have to take more duty on their survey. The 3rd issue is jobs in acknowledging and get the hanging strengths and accomplishments. They must besides larn to better themselves in countries they are missing such as composing accomplishments, computing machine accomplishments, English linguistic communication accomplishments because non all accomplishments will be taught by coach. So pupils should happen their ain opt ions to heighten the accomplishments. If you know if this full job can non decide possibly something might go on in the hereafter. For illustration, on-line scholars possibly will neglect with their survey or acquire bad consequence and blow their money and clip to analyze. As pupil online scholars we should hold purpose for success in our survey. Our ends are for every class participant to win, go forth the class looking at the environing universe with the position of a scientist, experience confident utilizing scientific discipline in his or her ain acquisition, and cognize how to back up inquiry-based acquisition in his or her ain schoolroom.5.0 APPENDIX 1Distance Learning With the history of distance larning embracing so many different larning environments, we need to happen a definition that fits in all situations.A There have been many definitions put frontward in modern literature.A Greenberg ( 1998 ) defines modern-day distance acquisition as â€Å" a planned teaching/learning experience that uses a broad spectrum of engineerings to make scholars at a distance and is designed to promote learner interaction and enfranchisement of larning † .A Teaster and Blieszner ( 1999 ) say â€Å" the term distance acquisition has been applied to many instructional methods: nevertheless, its primary differentiation is that the instructor and the scholar are separate in infinite and perchance clip † .A Desmond Keegan ( 1995 ) gives the most thorough definition.A He says that distance instruction and developing consequence from the technological separation of instructor and scholar which frees the pupil from the necessity of going to â€Å" a fixed topographic point, at a fixed clip, to run into a fixed individual, in order to be trained † .A From these definitions we can see that the pupil and instructor are separated by infinite, but non needfully by clip. This would include tight picture, which is delivered in existent clip. As stated before, this type of unrecorded picture direction is the fastest turning agencies of distance acquisition today.A Because of this, much of the treatment here will be dedicated to the promises and jobs of this engineering.5.1 APPENDIX 2The Reality of Adult Learners OnlineI was slightly concerned about the pupils and the deficiency of personal attending they would be having through my on-line class. Since I did non cognize them, I did n't cognize their learning manners or cultural differences. Adult scholars in peculiar have different acquisition manners and cultural backgrounds, and they may experience they are being left out of larning activities ( Baloglu, 2007 ) . Therefore, distance acquisition may do a psychological, every bit good as a physical, spread ( Durrington, Berryhill, & A ; Swafford, 2006 ) . Students may experience lonely, and a deficiency of face-to-face communicating and competition can impact their motive. Barriers for grownup scholars are categorized as situational, institutional, and dispositional. A individual ‘s fortunes in life at any given clip are considered possible situational barriers. Different policies and patterns may do class engagement more hard are considered institutional barriers. Students ‘ attitudes about their ain abilities to win are considered dispositional barriers. These barriers present extra obstructions for grownup scholars who attempt to obtain an advanced grade ( Spellman, 2007 ) . I found these grownup scholars, who were instructors, to be motivated and really seasonably in turning in their assignments and posting on Blackboard. Having them complete assignments that benefited their theses made them even more enthusiastic about finishing the work. They all asked inquiries and sought elucidation about things they did n't understand. They besides did an first-class occupation noticing on the other pupils ‘ stations. By the terminal of the class, I could see a definite betterment in the content of their article ratings. I think they were larning from one another. The grownup scholars I taught were clearly autonomous and able to be independent. They had life cognition and were goal-oriented. It seems they wanted to see the relevancy and application of their instruction, were practical, needful regard, needed feedback, and had to be interested in the capable affair ( Council for Adult and Experiential Learning, 2000 ; Henick, 1994 ) . The grounds adult scholars obtain a post-secondary grade tend to differ from those of traditional pupils. Adult scholars typically want to progress in an organisation. An extra grade besides makes them more marketable and competitory in the occupation market and allows them to alter callings ( Milheim, 2005 ) .

English In The Indian Subcontinent

English in the Indian Subcontinent Just as in the Caribbean, the English Language arrived in South Asia as a result of colonisation. Unlike its history in the Caribbean, however, English has always co-existed in the Indian subcontinent alongside thousands of local languages. So for most of the population, it has only ever been a second language. The origins of English in India The British first arrived in India in the early 1600s and soon established trading posts in a number of cities under the control of The East India Company.By 1765 the Company’s influence had grown to such an extent that the British were effectively controlling most parts of the country. This date is often taken as the start of what is referred to as The Raj — a period of British rule in India that lasted until Independence in 1947. Initially English was only taught to the local population through the work of Christian missionaries — there were no official attempts to force the language on t he masses.But by the 1700s, English had firmly established itself as the language of administration and many educated Indians were demanding instruction in English as a means of social advancement. By 1857 universities had opened in Bombay, Calcutta and Madras. English was increasingly accepted as the language of government, of the social elite, and of the national press. After Independence After Independence, India became a nation state, and it was intended that English would gradually be phased out as the language of administration.But there was no simple solution as to which language should replace it. At first Hindi, the most widely spoken language, seemed the obvious choice, but following violent protests in 1963 in the state of Tamil Nadu against the imposition of Hindi as a national language, opinion has remained divided. In a country with over 900 million people and more than a thousand languages, it is difficult to choose a single national language, as mother tongue speaker s of that language would automatically enjoy greater social status and have easier access to positions of power and influence.Even Ghandi, a proponent of a native variety as a national language, accepted that his message was most widely understood if expressed in English. So, although English is not an indigenous language, it remains as an ‘Associate Language’ in India, alongside Hindi, the ‘Official Language of the Union of India’ and eighteen ‘National Languages', such as Bengali, Gujurati and Urdu, that have a special status in certain individual states. English in India today Despite continued pressure from nationalists, English remains at the heart of Indian society.It is widely used in the media, in Higher Education and government and therefore remains a common means of communication, both among the ruling classes, and between speakers of mutually unintelligible languages. According to recent surveys, approximately 4% of the Indian population us e English. That figure might seem insignificant, but out of the total population this represents 35 million speakers — the largest English-speaking community outside the USA and the UK. In addition there are speakers of English in other parts of South Asia, such as Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, where English plays a similar role.English is virtually a mother tongue for many educated South Asians, but for the vast majority it remains a second language. This means there are speakers whose spoken English is heavily influenced by speech patterns of their ethnic language, alongside those whose speech reveals nothing of their racial background and some who are ranged somewhere in between. Asian influence There are a number of elements that characterise the more ‘extreme’ forms of South Asian English. In terms of pronunciation, many speakers do not differentiate between the sounds and .They might also replace in words like think and this with a and sound, as no In dian languages contain these consonants. Under the influence of traditional Hindi grammar, speakers often use progressive tenses in statements, such as I am believing you or she is liking music. Anyone who has experience of speech in the UK's Asian communities will also have encountered the phenomenon of code-switching — mixing words, phrases or even whole sentences from two different languages within the same conversation.The occasional or even frequent use of a Hindi (or Urdu, Punjabi, Gujurati etc.) word or expression within an English sentence can communicate a great sense of shared identity or solidarity with other speakers. This characteristic feature of Asian speech has led commentators to coin popular terms, such as Hinglish (i. e. Hindi English) or Pinglish (i. e. Pakistani English). The table below gives several examples of speakers using a number of pronunciations and grammatical constructions that are typical of speech on the Indian subcontinent. All the audio cli ps are taken from recent BBC interviews and come from spontaneous conversation and therefore reflect the natural reflexes of South Asian English.The left hand column lists each feature, while the second column gives an explanation. The list is by no means comprehensive, but by clicking on the sound file you can hear an extract from a recording of a speaker using the target feature. English in India Officially English has a status of assistant language, but in fact it is the most important language of India. After Hindi it is the most commonly spoken language in India and probably the most read and written language in India. Indians who know English will always try to show that they know English.English symbolizes in Indians minds, better education, better culture and higher intellect. Indians who know English often mingle it with Indian languages in their conversations. It is also usual among Indians to abruptly move to speak fluent English in the middle of their conversations. Engl ish also serves as the communicator among Indians who speak different language. English is very important in some systems – legal, financial, educational, business – in India. Until the beginning of 1990s, foreign movies in India weren’t translated or dubbed in Indian languages, but were broadcast in English and were meant for English speakers only.The reason Indians give such importance to English is related to the fact that India was a British colony (see Europeans in India). When the British started ruling India, they searched for Indian mediators who could help them to administer India. The British turned to high caste Indians to work for them. Many high caste Indians, especially the Brahmans worked for them. The British policy was to create an Indian class who should think like the British, or as it was said then in Britain â€Å"Indians in blood and color but English in taste, in opinions and morals and intellect†.The British also established in Ind ia universities based on British models with emphasis on English. These Indians also got their education in British universities. The English Christian missionaries came to India from 1813 and they also built schools at primary level for Indians in which the language of instruction was local language. Later on the missionaries built high schools with English as the language of instruction which obliged the Indians who wanted to study to have a good knowledge of English.The British rulers began building their universities in India from 1857. English became the first language in Indian education. The ‘modern’ leaders of that era in India also supported English language and claimed it to be the main key towards success. Indians who knew good English were seen as the new elite of India. Many new schools were established in which the language of instruction was English. According to the British laws the language of instruction at university level was English and therefore sc hools that emphasized English were preferred by ambitious Indians.Even after India’s independence, English remained the main language of India. Officially it was given a status of an assistant language and was supposed to terminate officially after 15 years of India’s independence, but it still remains the important language of India. Even today schools in India that emphasis English are considered better schools and the same is the case at university levels, even though there is a trend towards Indianization. In the 1970s and 1980s about one third of the Indian schools had English as their first language.For most of these students, English is their first language and it is easier for them to communicate, read and write in English than in Indian languages, including their mother tongues. Just like the Americans, Australians or even the British who have their unique English words and phrases, the Indians also have their own unique English. The Indians and the Indian Eng lish language press uses many words derived from Indian languages, especially from Hindi. Other than that, the Indian accent is sometimes difficult for non-Indians to understand. There are some Indian pronunciations that don’t exist in non Indian languages.The British also had problems with that and they caused some changes in Indian words so that they could pronounce them. Even the Indians started using these changed words and made them part of their English. Two examples of such changed words are currey and sari. your score. English as a National Foreign Language India has two national languages for central administrative purposes: Hindi and English. Hindi is the national, official, and main link language of India. English is an associate official language. The Indian Constitution also officially approves twenty-two regional languages for official purposes.Dozens of distinctly different regional languages are spoken in India, which share many characteristics such as grammat ical structure and vocabulary. Apart from these languages, Hindi is used for communication in India. The homeland of Hindi is mainly in the north of India, but it is spoken and widely understood in all urban centers of India. In the southern states of India, where people speak many different languages that are not much related to Hindi, there is more resistance to Hindi, which has allowed English to remain a lingua franca to a greater degree.Since the early 1600s, the English language has had a toehold on the Indian subcontinent, when the East India Company established settlements in Chennai, Kolkata, and Mumbai, formerly Madras, Calcutta, and Bombay respectively. The historical background of India is never far away from everyday usage of English. India has had a longer exposure to English than any other country which uses it as a second language, its distinctive words, idioms, grammar and rhetoric spreading gradually to affect all places, habits and culture. In India, English serve s two purposes.First, it provides a linguistic tool for the administrative cohesiveness of the country, causing people who speak different languages to become united. Secondly, it serves as a language of wider communication, including a large variety of different people covering a vast area. It overlaps with local languages in certain spheres of influence and in public domains. Generally, English is used among Indians as a ‘link’ language and it is the first language for many well-educated Indians. It is also the second language for many who speak more than one language in India.The English language is a tie that helps bind the many segments of our society together. Also, it is a linguistic bridge between the major countries of the world and India. English has special national status in India. It has a special place in the parliament, judiciary, broadcasting, journalism, and in the education system. One can see a Hindi-speaking teacher giving their students instructions during an educational tour about where to meet and when their bus would leave, but all in English. It means that the language permeates daily life.It is unavoidable and is always expected, especially in the cities. The importance of the ability to speak or write English has recently increased significantly because English has become the de facto standard. Learning English language has become popular for business, commerce and cultural reasons and especially for internet communications throughout the world. English is a language that has become a standard not because it has been approved by any ‘standards’ organization but because it is widely used by many information and technology industries and recognized as being standard.The call centre phenomenon has stimulated a huge expansion of internet-related activity, establishing the future of India as a cyber-technological super-power. Modern communications, videos, journals and newspapers on the internet use English and h ave made ‘knowing English’ indispensable. The prevailing view seems to be that unless students learn English, they can only work in limited jobs. Those who do not have basic knowledge of English cannot obtain good quality jobs. They cannot communicate efficiently with others, and cannot have the benefit of India’s rich social and cultural life.Men and women who cannot comprehend and interpret instructions in English, even if educated, are unemployable. They cannot help with their children’s school homework everyday or decide their revenue options of the future. A positive attitude to English as a national language is essential to the integration of people into Indian society. There would appear to be virtually no disagreement in the community about the importance of English language skills. Using English you will become a citizen of the world almost naturally. English plays a dominant role in the media.It has been used as a medium for inter-state communica tion and broadcasting both before and since India’s independence. India is, without a doubt, committed to English as a national language. The impact of English is not only continuing but increasing. IMPORTANCE OF ENGLISH IN INDIA In our country English is important for a number of reasons. India is a land of diversity. Different people speak different languages. A person of Tamil Nadu does not speak Hindi. So he can't understand Hindi of a person from North India. However he can understand in English.So English is alink language. Different people can communicate with one another with the help of English. Secondly,all advanced knowledge in science,technology and medicine is available in English. The results of the latest researches come to india through the medium of English. If we give up English,we will lag behind in the higher fields of study. Today the world has become one family. It is all due to English. English is an international language. English is the language of th e Constitution,the Supreme Court,the High Courts and official departments.English is now firmly rooted in the soil of India. It has become a part of Indian life. Thus English has great importance for the integrity of India. It has to be second language in our contry for the better development of the country. Summary: A look at the importance of English in India and the world. Read more at http://www. usingenglish. com/articles/importance-english-language. html#tv8TJv6iPHuq8AYh. 99 A language is a systematic means of communication by the use of sounds or conventional symbols. It is the code we all use to express ourselves and communicate to others.It is a communication by word of mouth. It is the mental faculty or power of vocal communication. It is a system for communicating ideas and feelings using sounds, gestures, signs or marks. Any means of communicating ideas, specifically, human speech, the expression of ideas by the voice and sounds articulated by the organs of the throat an d mouth is a language. This is a system for communication. A language is the written and spoken methods of combining words to create meaning used by a particular group of people.Language, so far as we know, is something specific to humans, that is to say it is the basic capacity that distinguishes humans from all other living beings. Language therefore remains potentially a communicative medium capable of expressing ideas and concepts as well as moods, feelings and attitudes. A set of linguists who based their assumptions of language on psychology made claims that language is nothing but ‘habit formation’. According to them, language is learnt through use, through practice. In their view, ‘the more one is exposed to the use of language, the better one learns’.Written languages use symbols (characters) to build words. The entire set of words is the language’s vocabulary. The ways in which the words can be meaningfully combined is defined by the langua ge’s syntax and grammar. The actual meaning of words and combinations of words is defined by the language’s semantics. The latest and the most advanced discoveries and inventions in science and technology are being made in the universities located in the United States of America where English language is the means of scientific discourse.The historical circumstances of India (having been ruled by the British for over two centuries) have given the Indians an easy access to mastering English language, and innumerable opportunities for advancement in the field of science and technology. Many Indians have become so skilled in English language and have won many international awards for creative and comparative literatures during the last few years. Sometime ago, an Indian author, Arundhati Roy, won the prestigious booker prize for her book â€Å"The God of Small Things†.Her book sold lakhs of copies all over the globe. Over the years, English language has become one of our principal assets in getting a global leadership for books written by Indian authors and for films made by Indians in English language. A famous Indian movie maker Shekhar Kapoor’s film â€Å"Elizabeth† has got several nominations for Oscar Awards. It does not require any further argument to establish the advantage English language has brought to us at the international level. English language comes to our aid in our commercial transactions throughout the globe.English is the language of the latest business management in the world and Indian proficiency in English has brought laurels to many Indian business managers. English is a means not only for international commerce; it has become increasingly essential for inter-state commerce and communication. In India, people going from North to South for education or business mostly communicate in English, which has become a link language. Keeping this in mind, the Parliament has also recognized English as an official l anguage in addition to Hindi.All the facts of history and developments in present day India underline the continued importance of learning English in addition to vernaculars. Some of the states of India are witnessing popular increase in public demand for teaching of English language from the primary classes. Realizing the importance, recently, the Minister of Indian Railways, Laloo Prasad Yadav, demands teaching of English language in schools. The great demand for admission in English medium schools throughout the country is a testimony to the attraction of English to the people of India.Many of the leaders, who denounce English, send their own children to English medium schools. Many of the schools in the country have English as the sole or additional medium of instruction. A language attracts people because of the wealth of literature and knowledge enshrined in it. English poses no danger to Indian languages. The Indian languages are vibrant and are developing by the contribution s of great minds using them as their vehicle of expression. English is available to us as a historical heritage in addition to our own language.We must make the best use of English to develop ourselves culturally and materially so that we can compete with the best in the world of mind and matter. English language is our window to the world. English language is one tool to establish our viewpoint. We can learn from others experience. We can check the theories of foreigners against our experience. We can reject the untenable and accept the tenable. We can also propagate our theories among the international audience and readers.We can make use of English to promote our worldview and spiritual heritage throughout the globe. Swami Vivekananda established the greatness of Indian view of religion at the world conference of religions in Chicago in 1893. He addressed the gathering in impressive English. Many spiritual gurus have since converted thousands of English people to our spirituality by expressing their thought and ideas in masterful English. English has thus become an effective means of promoting Indian view of life, and strengthening our cultural identity in the world.When William Caxton set up his printing press in London (1477) the new hybrid language (vernacular English mixed with courtly French and scholarly Latin) became increasingly standardized, and by 1611, when the Authorized (King James) Version of the Bible was published, the educated English of London had become the core of what is now called Standard English. By the time of Johnson’s dictionary (1755) and the American Declaration of Independence (1776), English was international and recognizable as the language we use today.The Orthography of English was more or less established by 1650 and, in England in particular, a form of standard educated speech, known as Received Pronunciation (RP) spread from the major public schools in the 19th century. This accent was adopted in the early 20th ce ntury by the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) for its announcers and readers, and is variously known as RP, BBC English, Oxford English, and the King’s or Queen’s English. Generally, Standard English today does not depend on accent but rather on shared educational experience, mainly of the printed language.Present-day English is an immensely varied language, having absorbed material from many other tongues. It is spoken by more than 300 million native speakers, and between 400 and 800 million foreign users. It is the official language of air transport and shipping; the leading language of science, technology, computers, and commerce; and a major medium of education, publishing, and international negotiation. For this reason, scholars frequently refer to its latest phase as World English. Read more at http://www. usingenglish. com/articles/importance-english-language. html#l0tZymxyFrQpCsKi. 99

Middle Kingdom Essay

China is known as one the most advanced countries in the industrialized world; it is also one of the United States leading resources in products brought in to the states. China is known as â€Å"Zhongguo† which means Central Nation or Middle Kingdom. In the year 1000 B.C. the beliefs were that the Chou people really thought that they were indeed at the centre of the world. The Chou people were unaware of civilization in the west and that their empire occupied the middle of the earth, surrounded by barbarians, but in 1949 the Communist took charge and the name officially changed. China supports about a fifth of the world’s population on only 7 percent of the world’s arable land (Essentials of World Regional Geography second Edition, Pg.111, White, Dymond, Chacko, Bradshaw). The Chinese people believed in mainly their families and their community, unlike the Europeans who focused on individualism or themselves. In 1950, they introduced the Great Leap forward act that targeted Chinas’ vast population to rapidly transform the country from being agricultural based economy into a contemporary communist society by implementing industrialization and collectivization. In 1950, China’s population was about 563 million; the population grew drastically to about one billion in the early 1980’s. 1959 was the year that everything was collapsing, the people worked long and hard hours trying to make ends meet. The machinery broke down and the people were over worked and tired. Starvation became rampant. The products that the industries produced were very inferior and weak for example; the steel furnace was going down they couldn’t even use to make some of the beautiful structures they wanted to construct. The weather was so bad and the soil became very poor for farming because of consistent flooding. China’s fertility rate increased over the past few decades this was attributed to immigration and a decrease in infant mortality and a decrease  in death rate as national health improves. Later in 2010 , China’s population has reached 1.4 billion. Student Name: Latara Bradshaw Student ID#: AC1209024 Course Number and Title: EN120.2.1 English Composition 1 Assignment Number:6_06 Topic:The best teacher I ever had Date of Submission:08th November, 2012 There were lots of teachers in my school. But there was only one who stood out and I’ll never forget Mr. James Ward’s helpfulness and enthusiasm. His dedication helped me tremendously from my Elementary years and instilled with me now I am an adult. Loving, hardworking, tender-hearted and free spirited Mr. James Warde, my favourite Elementary teacher. I have had the privilege of him being a very good teacher to me for three (3) consecutive years, grades 5(five), 6(six) and a repeat of (six) 6. Short with a tall personality, medium built with black kinky hair, beady eyes and a contagious smile are some of the characteristics of my favourite teacher. He was very stern but polite and always cared about changing our failures into successes. During the day time we enjoyed going outside under a tree to capture the refreshing breezes which helped us to be more focused. Our teacher loved nature and he thought that the outside atmosphere would make us more relax and help us to c oncentrate on what he is teaching. In fact, he would turn our day dreaming into a reality with his creative ideas and interesting stories. Our classes were filled with humour and excitement; there was never a dull moment, even during Mathematics class he would demonstrate for even the slowest student to understand and at the end of the day everyone was evenly served. Mr. James Ward portrayed good characteristics of a great teacher. A knowledgeable man who was well respected by the students, teachers and community helped us be well rounded children at the end of every session. His professional duties extended from formal teaching to playing a very important part in my life as if he was my very own father. On a regular we would attend field trips pertaining to what topic we are doing in class, he would help organize school events that  were only educational and will help with the development of a student. Mr. James Ward built strong student teacher relationship and showed interest whether personal or school related, anything to help he was involved in. Enthusiastic teachers help students to have a better feeling about themselves and it also promotes a higher grade than a boring teacher who shows to love nor embrace which stimulates low esteem. Mr. Ward was known for his good manners and he always instilled in us that manners takes us a long way and we must respect ourselves and our peers. Our Motto was, â€Å"Good interaction promotes good grades.† On Friday afternoons we will have week quiz of what we learnt throughout the week, we really looked forward for Friday because he would bring us snacks and toys to motivate us if we got our questions correct and it motivated us for the next week. I never seen him with a frown or a displeased face even in a crisis he would smile and say, â€Å"God knows best.† He was a good teacher and a solid mentor and whatever was taught by him will instil in me and I will use his characteristics throughout the rest of my life. I love him and I will follow in his footsteps one day.

Sukuk and Screening of Stocks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sukuk and Screening of Stocks - Essay Example The challenge lies in adapting instruments such a Sukuk in these mediums without compromising on the dictates of the Shariah. Of all the financial certificates transacted in banks outside the Islamic world, bonds are most amenable to the requisites of Shariah. Already many Islamic banks are issuing a variety of Sukuk (not all of which are Shariah compliant); but the best option of satisfying Islamic principles while also being able to integrate into global markets is through Sukuks issued as bonds. Presently Islamic banks employ three mechanisms to showcase the compatibility of their Sukuks with conventional bonds. Firstly, the bond holders' ownership of Enterprise Assets clearly distinguish these Sukuks from interest-based bonds. The second mechanism is the distribution of profits generated by these enterprises at fixed percentages as per prevailing interest rates. The third mechanism is the assurance of capital protection, meaning that at least the principal will be returned to the investor. In order for these Sukuk's to be Shariah compliant they have to answer some key questions. First, is the stipulated amount â€Å"in excess of the price of interest for the manager of the enterprise under the pretense that this is an incentive for good management?† Also, will the manager purchase the assets that is nominated in the Sukuk at its face value and not at its going-rate in the markets at the time of its redemption? If the answer to any such question is in the negative then the Sukuk is considered to have breached the Shariah rules. In this respect the guidelines and deliberations given by the Shariah committee is a useful resource. Author Muhammad Taqi Usmani goes on to talk about how many banks in the Islamic world have failed in upkeeping the tradition of Shariah in order to attract investors. Presently there are loopholes in the system, exploiting which bank managers project a Sukuk as genuinely Shariah compliant, whereas in reality they are only nomin ally so. It is imperative that managers do not indulge in such practices. The paper prepared by Nizam Yaquby titled 'Participation and Trading in Equities of Companies whose Main Business is Primarily Lawful But Fraught With Some Prohibited Transaction' highlights some of the tendencies on part of Islamic banks to neglect Shariah mandates in their pursuit for greater revenues. The ubiquitousness of Joint Stock Companies and the dealing of their stocks by banks throws open several dilemmas. With the Internet making purchase, holding and selling of such stocks quite easy, many banks in the Islamic world are indirectly trading in financial instruments that do not conform to the Shariah code. Trading in stocks of Joint Stock Companies, also called Public Limited Companies, has elicited mixed reactions among Islamic scholars. One group views this practice as permissible provided â€Å"that the profits earned should be purged from unlawful gains†; while the other group finds it obj ectionable. Citing several legal maxims, scholars have either supported or opposed this practice. Some of these maxims are â€Å"The General need Takes the rule of specific Necessity; Mixture of Negligible Unlawful Part with Lawful Major Part; Majority Has the Ruling of the Whole, or the Majority Counts ; and What is Inescapable is tolerable†

Lifelong Learning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Lifelong Learning - Essay Example Super's theory included propositions relating to trait-and-factor theory, developmental psychology, and personal construct theory, from which Super derived his ideas about self-concepts and sociological theory. Super proved that the changes in the self-concept develop throughout the person's life as a result of experience. People modify their self-concepts depending on the career choice and new work conditions. The important part of Super's theory is dedicated to the construct of career concerns as divided by the six stages of person's development depending on the age span. Development stages were described by the theorist in the beginning of his career (1954) and are as the following: As we see these stages relate to the life-span dimension of the person: childhood, adolescence, adulthood, middlessence and senescence respectively coincide with career stages of growth, exploration, establishment, maintenance and disengagement. The career stages of adulthood that includes specification stage, implementation stage and stabilization stage describe adults who are looking for stability and advancement in their jobs. Stability referrers to as keeping the same job for a long time period, struggling to meet job requirements but still being concerned about one's competencies. On arrival in the job market, young adults reflect on how to achieve their vocational goals. They then move on to seeking a promising path by questioning their goals and abilities in an attempt to accelerate vocational development. The adult then "grapple with the occupational race", striving to reach a plateau of occupational status (Super, 1969)Once adults reach their late twenties, different aspects of their career choice is combined with the feeling of safety and certainty in their competence and dependability. Advancing in career implies promotions, or moving to a position with more responsibility, and may involve a higher income (Super, 1980). After career has been established, adults become concerned holding on, keeping up and innovating in their careers during the consolidation stage. In the final career stage at the age of around 55 people are sure about tomorrow's day and have no need to keep on working, so they declare retirement. In conclusion, perceived as a well-respected theory, Super's theory of career choice and development it is regarded as one of the most comprehensive approaches describing the crucial factors of person's career. Mezirow and transformative learning Mezirow in his theory of transformative learning focused on the idea of perspective transformation, which he understood as the learning process by which adults come to recognise and reframe their culturally induced dependency roles and relationships. Later he drew on the work of Habermas to propose a theory of transfo